由共生细菌产生的曼德洛尼特里尔可以保护科罗拉多马虫免受掠食的侵害
Wei-Nan Kang1, Yang Pan1, Lan-Lan Liao1
1Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in East China/State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
Nature communications
|November 21, 2024
概括
科罗拉多马甲虫使用有毒的化 (HCN),由肠道细菌如Proteus vulgaris Ld01产生,以阻止捕食者. 这种细菌共生是昆虫的关键.
科学领域:
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 科罗拉多土豆甲虫 (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) 是土豆作物的重要害虫.
- 它们对捕食者的毒性是已知的,但化学基础尚不清楚.
- 显著的色彩暗示着复杂化,可能涉及防御性化合物.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别导致科罗拉多马甲虫的解症的有毒化合物.
- 阐明肠道细菌在生产这些防御化合物的作用.
- 研究化 (HCN) 生产机制及其生态意义.
主要方法:
- 隔离和识别肠道共生细菌.
- 气色谱-质谱 (GC-MS) 用于化合物分析.
- 在细菌 (hcnB基因) 中进行基因淘汰实验.
- 对甲虫幼虫进行抗生素治疗.
- 曼德洛尼特里尔和杏仁素的使用.
- 用家养小进行双选择养实验.
主要成果:
- 从甲虫肠道分离出来的Proteus vulgaris Ld01产生化 (HCN) 和桃体.
- 杏仁分解成曼德洛尼特里尔,这是HCN的前体.
- 在P. vulgaris Ld01中hcnB基因的淘汰显著降低了HCN的产生.
- 抗生素治疗减少了甲酸排放在甲虫,这是恢复的P. vulgaris Ld01重新殖民或mandelonitrile.
- 小更喜欢吃减少HCN生产的幼虫 (缺乏细菌或突变重新殖民).
结论:
- 结合体细菌,特别是Proteus vulgaris Ld01,对于科罗拉多马甲虫中产生有毒HCN至关重要.
- 亚米格达林和它的代谢物,包括曼德洛尼特里尔和HCN,作为一种化学防御对掠食的作用.
- 这项研究揭示了一种新的昆虫-微生物相互作用,用于化学防御.
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