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相关概念视频

Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

15.2K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
15.2K
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

14.4K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
14.4K
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

17.3K
LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
17.3K
Transgenic Plants02:50

Transgenic Plants

7.2K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.2K
Transgenic Organisms00:53

Transgenic Organisms

30.9K
Overview
30.9K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

11.4K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.4K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing
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Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing

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在植物陆地化过程中,横向的转位子转移.

Hao Wang1, Zilong Xu1, Zhenhua Zhang1

  • 1College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.

Journal of integrative plant biology
|November 22, 2024
PubMed
概括

植物在他们的土地殖民期间从微生物中获得了可转移的元素. 陆地植物中的许多长非编码RNA来源于这些水平转移的元素,有助于干旱压力和酸反应.

科学领域:

  • 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
  • 植物科学 植物科学
  • 基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

  • 陆地植物是从水生祖先进化而来的,这是一次涉及重大遗传变化的过渡.
  • 横向基因转移 (HGT) 是一种已知的物种间获取遗传物质的机制.
  • 可转移元素 (TE) 是可改变宿主基因组的移动遗传序列.

研究的目的:

  • 研究横向转移的可转移元素在陆地植物进化中的作用.
  • 来识别从这些获取元素中衍生的长非编码RNA (lncRNAs).
  • 探索 TE 衍生 lncRNAs 在植物应激反应中的功能.

主要方法:

  • 植物基因组的生物信息分析以检测水平转移的TE.
  • 来自逆转移子的lncRNAs的识别和表征.
  • 在干旱压力下进行基因表达分析和酸处理.

主要成果:

  • 通过HGT从陆地植物基因组中的细菌和真菌中获得的可转移元素的证据.
  • 发现了许多由这些水平转移的逆转移子衍生的长非编码RNA.
  • 证明这些TE衍生 lncRNAs中的一些具有高度表达性,并在干旱压力和酸信号传递中发挥作用.

更多相关视频

Transposon-insertion Sequencing as a Tool to Elucidate Bacterial Colonization Factors in a Burkholderia gladioli Symbiont of Lagria villosa Beetles
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Transposon-insertion Sequencing as a Tool to Elucidate Bacterial Colonization Factors in a Burkholderia gladioli Symbiont of Lagria villosa Beetles

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Creation of a Dense Transposon Insertion Library Using Bacterial Conjugation in Enterobacterial Strains Such As Escherichia Coli or Shigella flexneri
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Creation of a Dense Transposon Insertion Library Using Bacterial Conjugation in Enterobacterial Strains Such As Escherichia Coli or Shigella flexneri

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2025

Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing
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Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing

Published on: July 7, 2020

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Transposon-insertion Sequencing as a Tool to Elucidate Bacterial Colonization Factors in a Burkholderia gladioli Symbiont of Lagria villosa Beetles
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Transposon-insertion Sequencing as a Tool to Elucidate Bacterial Colonization Factors in a Burkholderia gladioli Symbiont of Lagria villosa Beetles

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Creation of a Dense Transposon Insertion Library Using Bacterial Conjugation in Enterobacterial Strains Such As Escherichia Coli or Shigella flexneri
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Creation of a Dense Transposon Insertion Library Using Bacterial Conjugation in Enterobacterial Strains Such As Escherichia Coli or Shigella flexneri

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结论:

  • 可转移元素的水平转移对陆地植物的遗传构成作出了重大贡献.
  • 复原转移子衍生的lncRNAs代表了植物中新型调节分子的类别.
  • 这些ncRNAs在功能上对适应陆地环境,特别是应激条件很重要.