了解大众在流行病期间对季节性流感疫苗接种的决策:预防措施采用过程模型的应用
Carly Meyer1, Vivi Antonopoulou1, Louis Goffe2
1University College London, UK.
Journal of health psychology
|November 22, 2024
概括
了解流感疫苗接种的公共决策是预防疫情的关键. 这项研究使用了预防采用过程模型 (PAPM) 来揭示英格兰流感疫苗的不同阶段和影响因素.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康心理学 心理健康心理学
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 季节性流感疫情对公众健康构成重大挑战.
- 了解公众行为对于有效的流感疫苗接种策略至关重要.
- 预防采用过程模型 (PAPM) 为分析决策阶段提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 研究影响季节性流感疫苗接种决策的行为因素.
- 在PPPM的不同阶段绘制流感疫苗接种的公共参与图.
- 识别与每个决策阶段相关的特定心理和基于知识的因素.
主要方法:
- 在英格兰对2004名参与者进行了一项在线横截面调查.
- 预防采用过程模型 (PAPM) 用于分类参与者的疫苗接种决策阶段.
- 使用回归建模来识别与不同PAPM阶段相关的因素.
主要成果:
- 参与者分布在PAPM的不同阶段:7%未参与,10%未决定,7%决定不接种疫苗,39%决定接种疫苗,38%接种了疫苗.
- 流感疫苗接种史是接种疫苗的人的关键差异化因素.
- 疫苗知识 (第二阶段),感知到的好处 (第四阶段),感知到的控制和对针头的恐惧 (第五阶段) 与特定的决策阶段有着独特的联系.
结论:
- 关于流感疫苗接种的公共决策是一个多阶段的过程,具有不同的影响因素.
- 需要量身定制的公共卫生干预措施,以解决PAPM每个阶段的特定需求和障碍.
- 研究结果可以为政策制定提供信息,通过有针对性的策略改善流感疫苗接种率.
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