亲和调整的美索林CAR T细胞表现出增强的向特异性和减少的瘤外毒性
Yanping Yang1,2, Yogindra Vedvyas1,2, Yago Alcaina2
1Department of Radiology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas, USA.
JCI insight
|November 22, 2024
概括
化学抗原受体 (CAR) T细胞治疗固体瘤面临毒性挑战. 这项研究表明,调整CAR T细胞对美索林 (MSLN) 的亲和力可以改善瘤选择性并降低瘤外毒性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 生物技术是生物技术.
背景情况:
- 化学抗原受体 (CAR) T细胞疗法对固体瘤具有前景,但受到严重毒性的限制.
- 在目标上,非瘤毒性发生在CAR T细胞攻击表达低水平向抗原的健康组织时.
- 间皮质素 (MSLN) 是癌症如间皮质瘤和卵巢癌的有希望的标,但它对健康的间皮质细胞的表达具有毒性风险.
研究的目的:
- 研究CAR T细胞对MSLN的亲和力对瘤反应和毒性的影响.
- 开发亲和性调节的CAR T细胞,以提高MSLN表达的固体瘤的安全性和有效性.
- 在小鼠模型中评估向MSLN的CAR T细胞的临床前有效性和安全性.
主要方法:
- 使用突变单域纳米体构建CAR,针对MSLN,具有广泛的亲缘关系 (纳米到微分子KD).
- 在具有MSLN表达瘤的小鼠模型中评估CAR T细胞扩张,瘤透和全身毒性.
- 在临床前环境中,对高亲和度与亲和度调整的CAR T细胞进行比较分析.
主要成果:
- 高亲和度的MSLN CAR T细胞 (低纳米KD) 显示出广泛的系统扩张,但瘤透率最小,并与致命的瘤外毒性相关.
- 减少CAR T细胞对微分子KD的亲和力,导致瘤透率受到限制,并改善MSLN高瘤的选择性.
- MSLN CAR T 细胞的亲和力调整表明,亲和力下降和瘤特异性向增强之间存在相关性.
结论:
- 高亲和度的MSLN向的CAR T细胞可以导致危及生命的向性,瘤外毒性.
- 对CAR T细胞的亲和度调节是一种可行的策略,可以提高对MSLN高瘤的选择性,并减轻毒性.
- 这些发现支持开发亲和性调整的CAR T细胞疗法,以更安全,更有效地治疗MSLN表达的固体瘤.
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