三十年来皮肤恶性黑色素瘤发病率,死亡率和生存率的趋势:西班牙南部的一项基于人口的研究
Teresa Ródenas-Herranz1,2, Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco2,3,4, Dafina Petrova2,3,4
1Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.
Clinical and experimental dermatology
|November 22, 2024
概括
皮肤恶性黑色素瘤 (CMM) 发病率在西班牙南部增加,特别是在早期阶段. 尽管某些群体的死亡率上升,但整体存活率显著改善,特别是在年轻患者中.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 皮肤恶性黑色素瘤 (CMM) 是一个重要的全球健康问题.
- 现有的流行病学研究往往缺乏全面的瘤特征数据.
- 彻底了解CMM流行病学需要分析发病率,死亡率和生存趋势以及瘤细节.
研究的目的:
- 分析三十年来CMM发病率,死亡率和生存率的趋势.
- 为了检查这些趋势,考虑患者的性别,年龄和特定瘤特征.
- 为西班牙南部CMM提供更详细的流行病学概述.
主要方法:
- 利用基于人口的癌症登记数据 (1985-2017) 进行CMM诊断和国家死亡记录.
- 根据性别,年龄,解剖部位,组织学,布雷斯洛指数和克拉克水平分层计算的发病率,死亡率和生存率.
- 采用Kaplan-Meier和Pohar-Perme方法进行生存分析和逻辑线性回归来评估趋势.
主要成果:
- 观察到CMM发病率显著增加 (男性每年4.4%,女性每年3.7%),主要是早期的表面扩散和结节性黑色素瘤.
- 死亡率上升,主要影响男性和65岁及以上的个人.
- 结节性黑色素瘤的预后最差 (2008-2017年5年净生存率为62.7%),而整体5年净生存率从78.3%提高到88.6%.
结论:
- 近几十年来,西班牙南部的CMM发病率,特别是早期发病率,一直在上升.
- 在CMM死亡率和生存率上,特别是在年轻人群中,发现了显著的改善.
- 这些积极的趋势表明,加强预防策略和现代治疗方式的潜在有效性.
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