在无毒的北方鱼,Faxonius virilis中的基斯变化
Imane Rhzali1, Kenneth B Storey2
1Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.)
|November 22, 2024
概括
北方鱼利用表观遗传适应,特别是像乙化和脱乙化这样的基因组修饰,以生存缺氧. 这项研究揭示了关键的蛋白质变化,有助于无氧期间的生存.
科学领域:
- * 环境表观遗传学
- * 类生理学 类生理学
- * 分子生物学 * 分子生物学
背景情况:
- *北方 (Faxonius virilis) 拥有缺乏氧气的生存策略.
- *表观遗传适应,特别是基因组修饰,在中至关重要,但尚未完全理解.
- * 基因组基因修饰调节基因表达,使能量在压力期间被重定向至关重要的功能.
研究的目的:
- * 为了研究Faxonius virilis在无氧条件下的激素乙化和脱乙化的调节.
- * 为了识别参与无氧反应的特定组织蛋白修饰蛋白 (写入器,读取器,擦拭器).
- * 了解这些表观遗传机制在代谢抑制和生存中的作用.
主要方法:
- * 分析基因组修饰蛋白质,包括氨酸转移酶 (KAT),原蛋白质 (BRD),基因组脱甲基酶 (HDAC) 和蛋白质 (SIRT).
- * Faxonius virilis 暴露于20小时的无氧.
- * 蛋白质表达变化的量化与基因素乙化和脱乙化有关.
主要成果:
- * 观察到素H3K14Ac和氨酸转移酶KAT2A的显著上调.
- *多个组织基因脱乙酶 (HDAC2,HDAC3) 和蛋白蛋白 (SIRT2,SIRT3,SIRT6) 的上调.
- *BRD2,H3K14Ac的读者蛋白质,与观察到的基因素修饰有关.
结论:
- *鱼对无氧反应中调节组织的乙化和脱乙化,这表明一种代谢抑制策略.
- *HDACs和SIRTs的上调指向细胞对DNA损伤调节和生存的关注.
- *表观遗传修饰是了解长期缺氧期间的弹性的关键.
相关概念视频
02:32Histone Modification
13.1K
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
13.1K
02:30Histone Variants at the Centromere
4.3K
Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
4.3K
02:38Heterochromatin
11.2K
The extent of chromatin compaction can be studied by staining chromatin using specific DNA binding dyes. Under the microscope, the dense-compacted regions that take up more dye are called heterochromatin. Heterochromatin is further classified into two forms – constitutive heterochromatin and facultative heterochromatin.
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
Constitutive heterochromatin: It is a highly compact region of chromatin that is mostly concentrated in the centromere and telomere. Unlike euchromatin, the amino acid at...
11.2K
02:25Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
8.2K
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer...
Writers
The writer...
8.2K
03:17Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
6.2K
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
6.2K
01:32Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells
1.6K
Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
1.6K