在听力障碍患者中,对听到和忽略的语音发作进行皮质编码
Sara Carta1,2, Emina Aličković3,4, Johannes Zaar3,5
1School of Computer Science and Statistics, ADAPT Centre, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
PloS one
|November 22, 2024
概括
听力障碍 (HI) 患者表现出语音神经处理的改变. 他们的大脑强大地编码了来自听到和忽略的语音信息,这可能解释了分心和理解困难.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 语音处理 语音处理
- 听力障碍的神经科学 听力障碍的神经科学
背景情况:
- 听力障碍 (HI) 显著影响语音理解,特别是在杂的环境中.
- 以前的研究表明,在HI患者中,可靠的神经跟踪参与了语音包裹,但注意力选择困难的来源仍然不清楚.
- 这项研究调查了声学编码,而不是信封跟踪,是否是HI的注意力缺陷的基础.
研究的目的:
- 为了测试神经编码声学信息受听力损伤影响的假设.
- 为了确定是否改变声学处理有助于在杂的环境中注意力选择的困难.
- 探索HI患者注意力分散的神经基础.
主要方法:
- 在模拟的尾酒派对场景中,重新分析了来自HI参与者的头皮脑电图 (EEG) 数据.
- 应用多变量时间响应函数 (TRF) 分析来评估语音的神经编码.
- 研究神经编码,无论是参加 (目标) 和忽略 (面具) 语音流,专注于语音类别和语音界限 (语音发病).
主要成果:
- 神经信号显示,与口罩语音相比,对目标语音的语音信息编码更强.
- 与正常听力参与者不同的是,HI个体的神经信号对目标和掩饰语音流进行编码的语音发作.
- 语音发作的神经编码在面具语音中显著更强,这表明增加分心能力的潜在神经基础.
结论:
- 听力障碍可能会导致语音理解困难,这是由于强大的神经编码来自听到和忽略的语音信息.
- 患有HI的个体中,面具语音发作的加高编码可能解释了他们在复杂的听觉场景中增加的分心能力.
- 这些发现突出了声学处理缺陷在听力障碍患者面临的挑战中的作用.
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