肠-大脑轴和胃肠道中的疼痛信号机制
Kimberly A Meerschaert1, Isaac M Chiu2
1Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Meerschaert.kimberly@mayo.edu.
Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology
|November 23, 2024
概括
内脏疼痛是由肠-大脑轴通信引起的. 本综述探讨了非神经元细胞和神经元如何相互作用,为胃肠道疾病提供了潜在的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 神经胃肠病学 神经胃肠病学
- 内脏疼痛研究研究
- 肠-大脑交流轴 沟通轴
背景情况:
- 内脏疼痛是一个重要的临床问题,经常导致胃肠道疾病患者寻求医疗护理.
- 肠道中的外周感官神经元检测有害刺激,向中枢神经系统传输信号,从而产生疼痛感知.
- 一个复杂的双向通信网络,称为肠-大脑轴,介导胃肠道和神经系统之间的疼痛信号.
研究的目的:
- 本综述侧重于在内脏疼痛的背景下,非神经元细胞和神经元之间的分子通信.
- 它旨在阐明这些双向相互作用如何在胃肠道疾病中失调时可以加剧内脏疼痛.
- 该研究概述了肠道疼痛处理的解剖路径,并将肠-大脑轴内的细胞-细胞通信整合起来.
主要方法:
- 审查关于内脏疼痛机制的现有文献.
- 分析肠道细胞和感官神经元之间的分子信号通路.
- 检查参与肠-大脑通信的解剖路径.
主要成果:
- 感官神经元从机械和化学刺激,免疫细胞,上皮细胞和肠道微生物群中接收信号,导致外周敏感和内脏疼痛.
- 肠道和神经系统之间的双向通信对于疼痛调解至关重要.
- 在胃肠道疾病中,这些相互作用的失调会加剧内脏疼痛.
结论:
- 了解非神经元细胞和神经元之间的分子通信是解决内脏疼痛的关键.
- 在疾病期间,肠-大脑轴的双向通信发生变化为潜在的治疗点.
- 针对这些改变的通讯途径可能会导致新的治疗与胃肠道疾病相关的内脏疼痛.
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