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建筑工人的热暴露和生产力损失:一个元分析
Shurong Han1, Lin Dong1, Yulei Weng2
1International Business School, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, West Chang'an Street, Chang'an District, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710062, China.
BMC public health
|November 23, 2024
概括
暴露于热量会显著降低建筑工人的生产力,其中60%的建筑工人遭受损失. 年龄较大的工人和由女性员工组成的团队更容易受到热的影响.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 建设管理建设管理.
背景情况:
- 全球变暖对工人的生产力构成风险,特别是在建筑等体力苛刻的户外行业.
- 评估暴露于热量的影响建筑工人的生产力对于职业健康和安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 进行一项元分析,评估现有证据,评估暴露于热量对建筑工人的生产力损失的影响.
- 为了确定特定的温度值和工人人口统计数据,容易受到与热有关的生产率下降.
主要方法:
- 在六个主要数据库 (Web of Science,PubMed,Embase,Scopus,ScienceDirect,IEEE) 进行了全面的文献搜索,截至2024年9月18日.
- 质量评估使用了乔安娜·布里格斯研究所 (JBI) 批判性评估清单.
- 采用随机效应模型的元分析,使用Egger和Begg的测试来评估出版偏差.
主要成果:
- 在1209项初步研究中,包括了14项,分析了2387名工人的数据.
- 60%暴露于高温的建筑工人显示出显著的生产力损失 (95% CI:0.48-0.72).
- 在湿球温度 (WBGT) 高于28°C或环境温度高于35°C时,生产力损失加剧. 38岁以上的工人和拥有女性工人的团队更容易受到影响.
结论:
- 暴露于热量是建筑行业生产率下降的一个重要决定因素.
- 建议优先保护弱势群体 (妇女,老年工人),开发适应热的技术,改善工作环境.
- 进一步研究长期健康影响和微气候管理策略至关重要.
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