孩子们在结构化任务和自由游戏中类似地计划手动行动
Sara Golmakani1, Brianna E Kaplan2, Karen E Adolph3
1Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development and School of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London WC1E 7JL, UK.
Journal of experimental child psychology
|November 23, 2024
概括
小孩子 幼儿 幼儿
科学领域:
- 认知发展 认知发展
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 发动机控制器的控制器
背景情况:
- 在对象进行手动操作时,以视觉指导的规划至关重要.
- 多步规划需要视觉指导,以优化后续行动,当只有初始任务需求是可见的.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查视觉引导,幼儿多步规划是否在不同的环境中普遍存在.
- 检查结构化工具使用任务规划与非结构化自由游戏之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在3至5岁的儿童 (n=23) 中使用结构化工具使用任务 (敲击) 进行视觉指导,多步计划的评估.
- 在使用Duplo和Squigz块进行非结构化的自由游戏时观察到计划行为.
- 跨任务的相关规划性能和分析的视觉注意力模式.
主要成果:
- 在击任务中展示视觉引导计划的儿童也在自由游戏中展示了它 (Duplo和Squigz).
- 这些孩子在操纵过程中花了更多的时间对物体和它们的构造进行视觉关注.
- 计划能力在结构化和非结构化任务之间具有积极的相关性,表明了概括性.
结论:
- 在幼儿中,视觉指导的规划并非特定于特定任务,而是在各种手动行动中进行概括.
- 这表明一种基本的认知技能支持各种对象交互,从工具使用到自由游戏.
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