用于乳腺癌检测和其健康技术评估的人工智能:范围审查
Anisie Uwimana1, Giorgio Gnecco1, Massimo Riccaboni2
1IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca, Italy.
Computers in biology and medicine
|November 23, 2024
概括
人工智能 (AI) 和机器学习 (ML) 在乳腺癌护理方面表现有前途,但数据,伦理和整合方面的挑战阻碍了广泛的临床使用和强大的健康技术评估 (HTA). 需要进一步的研究,以适应评估框架的现实世界的有效性.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 人工智能和机器学习有可能改善乳腺癌 (BC) 临床护理,提高诊断准确性和效率.
- 尽管取得了进展,但人工智能在BC检测和诊断中的广泛临床整合在评估方面面临挑战.
- 评估基于人工智能的医疗技术在BC护理中的健康和经济结果是一个持续的过程.
研究的目的:
- 审查AI/ML在乳腺成像临床任务和决策中的应用.
- 在卫生技术评估 (HTA) 中探索基于AI的BC技术的证据.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Scopus进行系统的文献搜索 (2015年1月至2023年10月).
- 使用PRISMA-P进行搜索协议和MI-CLAIM检查列表进行AI算法质量评估.
- 应用HTA核心模型®来评估证据的稳定性和成本效益.
主要成果:
- 包括104项研究;大多数专注于临床有效性 (78.84%).
- 很少有研究报告了临床实践的伦理 (31.73%) 或法律 (25%) 批准.
- 对成本效益 (2项研究) 和组织影响的关注有限;可重复性得分低 (14.7%).
结论:
- 数据,道德,稳定性和工作流集成方面的挑战阻碍了在BC护理中采用AI.
- 当前的HTA方法因需要全面的现实世界证据而复杂化.
- 需要适应的评估框架来评估人工智能系统的系统级影响,而不仅仅是技术性能.
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