确定欧洲保护计划的成功和失败的主要因素
Nina Farwig1, Philipp P Sprenger2, Bruno Baur3
1Department of Conservation Ecology, University of Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, 35032, Marburg, Germany.
Environmental management
|November 23, 2024
概括
欧洲的生物多样性保护计划取得了不同程度的成功. 专家们发现,外部经济和政策因素阻碍了成功,而社会参与和环境因素促进了成功,这表明了包容性计划设计.
科学领域:
- 保护科学 保护科学
- 环境政策 环境政策
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 欧洲的生物多样性保护计划在各种生态系统和国家之间表现出不一致的成功率.
- 缺乏对影响这些计划的因素的全面综合,包括激励,补贴,执法,参与和空间背景.
研究的目的:
- 分析和比较有助于欧洲生物多样性保护计划成功或失败的因素.
- 确定影响息地和物种保护倡议的关键驱动因素和障碍.
主要方法:
- 对专家进行了平衡得分卡调查,以评估三个不同的保护计划:Natura 2000,水框架指令生态措施和Rewilding Europe.
- 分析了专家的看法,以比较政府和非政府组织 (NGO) 保护方法的有效性.
主要成果:
- 非政府组织 (NGO) 计划 (Rewilding Europe) 在实现生物多样性目标方面被认为比政府立法 (Natura 2000,水框架指令) 更成功.
- 破坏生物多样性的补贴,相互竞争的经济利益和相互矛盾的政策被确定为保护成功的重大障碍.
- 社会外展,公众意识和利益相关者的参与与计划的成功有很强的相关性.
结论:
- 外部经济和政策因素经常阻碍保护计划的有效性,而社会和环境因素倾向于促进它.
- 保护倡议应优先考虑包容性,并考虑来自经济,政策和社会领域的间接驱动因素.
- 这项研究为开发标准化方法的基础,以评估保护计划的成功,并纳入间接驱动因素.
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