门德尔的随机化研究,从百万退伍军人计划的多祖先人群中研究酒精使用和心脏代谢疾病风险
Rachel L Kember1,2, Christopher T Rentsch3,4,5, Julie Lynch6
1Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Alcohol, clinical & experimental research
|November 24, 2024
概括
在观察性研究中,适度饮酒显示了与心脏病和糖尿病风险的U形联系. 然而,门德尔随机化分析显示,在不同人群中,酒精消费与这些心脏代谢疾病之间没有因果关系.
科学领域:
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 代谢性疾病研究研究
- 遗传流行病学遗传流行病学
背景情况:
- 观察性研究表明,适度饮酒可以降低心脏代谢疾病的风险.
- 门德尔随机化 (MR) 研究表明,这些观察到的关联存在潜在的混.
- 这项研究调查了酒精与冠状动脉心脏病 (CHD) 和2型糖尿病 (T2D) 在不同族群中的关联.
研究的目的:
- 检查酒精消费与发生性心脏病和T2D之间的观察和遗传代理关联.
- 评估这些协会在非洲裔美国人 (AA),欧洲裔美国人 (EA) 和西班牙裔美国人 (HA).
- 确定酒精和心脏代谢疾病之间观察到的联系是否具有因果关系.
主要方法:
- 追溯的,嵌套的病例控制研究涉及超过33,000个CHD和28000个T2D病例.
- 使用酒精使用障碍识别测试-消费 (AUDIT-C) 评分估计的酒精暴露.
- 门德尔随机化分析使用ADH1B变体或遗传分数 (GS) 作为仪器变量,并对混因素进行调整.
主要成果:
- 观察性分析证实了酒精消费与心血管疾病和T2D风险之间的U形关联.
- 使用ADH1B基因型或GS的MR分析,在任何族群中都没有发现预测酒精消费与CHD或T2D风险之间的关联.
- 多变量MR分析,调整血压和吸烟,也表明没有因果关系.
结论:
- 虽然观察数据显示了U形关联,但MR的发现并不支持酒精消费和心脏代谢疾病之间的因果关系.
- 这些MR结果与先前对欧洲裔美国人的研究一致.
- 这项研究通过在非洲裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人中展示类似的零关联来扩展这些发现.
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