产前护理策略,以改善围产和新生儿的结果
Rahima Yasin1, Maha Azhar1, Zoha Allahuddin1
1Institute for Global Health and Development, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Neonatology
|November 24, 2024
概括
产前护理策略显著影响母亲和婴儿的健康. 来自低收入国家的证据表明,微量营养素补充剂,维生素D,和抗高血压药物可以改善结果,但需要更多的研究.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 孕产妇和新生儿健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 产前护理 (ANC) 对健康的怀孕和最佳的孕产妇和新生儿结果至关重要.
- 有效的ANC策略为孕妇创造了一个支持性的环境,从而带来了积极的围产和新生儿结果.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和总结27项产前护理干预措施的证据.
- 对低收入和中低收入国家 (LMICs) 进行子组分析,重点关注孕产妇和新生儿健康结果.
主要方法:
- 确定了每位新生儿系列 (The Lancet 2014) 中的27个ANC干预措施中的每一个最新的系统审查.
- 从这些审查中提取的数据.
- 专门针对LMIC进行了子组分析.
主要成果:
- 与铁和叶酸相比,在LMIC中多种微量营养素的补充显示出对死胎,妊娠年龄小,出生体重低 (LBW) 的显著影响.
- 维生素D补充剂降低了早产和LBW的风险.
- 高剂量的,抗高血压药物和孕期糖尿病 (GDM) 的甲福明在减少孕妇和新生儿不良后果方面显示出显著的益处.
- 宫围对死产,早产或死亡率没有影响.
- 关于抗D药物使用的数据仅限于高收入国家.
结论:
- 有一个显著的证据差距,关于ANC干预LMICs.
- 需要采取联合努力,扩大这些地区ANC的证据基础.
- 具体干预措施,如多种微量营养素,维生素D,,抗高血压药物和甲胺,有望改善LMICs的母亲和新生儿健康.
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