基于过程的模型和剂量反应函数之间的不一致性在估计北半球生物质损失由于高O3北半球生物质损失
Beatrice Sorrentino1, Alessandro Anav1, Vicent Calatayud2
1Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|November 24, 2024
概括
热带层臭氧 (O3) 对北半球森林产生重大影响,导致生物质损失,特别是在树叶类型中. 基于流量的指标,如POD1,对于准确的评估和有效的森林管理战略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 森林生态 森林生态
- 大气化学 大气化学
背景情况:
- 由于人为排放和气候变化,北半球的热层臭氧 (O3) 度显著增加.
- 升高的O3对森林健康,碳吸收和整体生态系统功能构成威胁.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较估计北半球森林中臭氧诱导的生物质潜在损失 (BPL) 的方法.
- 通过基于度 (AOT40) 和基于流量 (POD1) 的指标,评估O3对不同森林类型的影响.
- 为了将剂量反应函数与基于过程的ORCHIDEE模型进行比较,用于BPL估计.
主要方法:
- AOT40和POD1指标的比较,用于估计O3诱导的BPL.
- 利用剂量反应函数和基于ORCHIDEE过程的模型.
- BPL和原始生产总值 (GPP) 异常之间的回归分析.
主要成果:
- 落叶森林,特别是北极和大陆类型,对O3诱导的生物质损失的敏感性比常青森林更高.
- 与亚洲和北非相比,欧洲和北美的BPL较高.
- 大陆落叶森林在O3暴露和生产力之间显示出更强的相关性.
结论:
- 基于流量的指标 (POD1) 在评估O3对森林的影响方面比基于度的指标更可靠.
- 当前的剂量反应功能可能需要在不同的森林生态系统中进一步验证.
- 调查结果强调需要有效的森林管理和保护战略,考虑到O3风险.
相关概念视频
01:23Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis
359
Mechanistic models are utilized in individual analysis using single-source data, but imperfections arise due to data collection errors, preventing perfect prediction of observed data. The mathematical equation involves known values (Xi), observed concentrations (Ci), measurement errors (εi), model parameters (ϕj), and the related function (ƒi) for i number of values. Different least-squares metrics quantify differences between predicted and observed values. The ordinary least...
359
00:57Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models
502
Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
502
01:26Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion
490
Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
490
01:15Pharmacodynamic Models: Linear Concentration–Effect Model
91
The linear concentration–effect model, underpinned by the principle that pharmacological effect (E) is directly proportional to plasma drug concentration (C), emerges as a pivotal simplification of the Emax model for conditions where C is significantly less than EC50. This model portrays a linear trajectory of the concentration–effect relationship when drug levels are markedly below the EC50 threshold.Despite its inherent assumption of continuous effect augmentation with increasing...
91
01:15Pharmacodynamic Models: Logarithmic Concentration–Effect Model
109
The log-linear model is a pharmacological framework used to describe the relationship between drug concentration and its effect. This model is particularly relevant when the observed effects range between 20% and 80% of the drug’s maximum effect (Emax), where a near-linear relationship is observed between the log of drug concentration and the measured effect. However, the log-linear model does not predict the maximum possible effect (Emax) or the effect at zero drug concentration,...
109
01:29Pharmacodynamic Models: Direct Effect Model and Indirect Response Model
155
Pharmacodynamic models are essential tools in understanding the relationship between drug concentrations and their effects on biological systems. By characterizing the dynamics of drug action, these models guide dose selection, optimize therapeutic efficacy, and inform the development of new drugs. Two major classes of pharmacodynamic models include direct effect and indirect response models.Direct Effect ModelsDirect effect models describe the immediate relationship between drug concentration...
155