水和空气温度对精英轮椅三项赛的表现的影响
David N Borg1,2, Alexander D Gibson1,2, Aaron J E Bach3,4
1School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
Temperature (Austin, Tex.)
|November 25, 2024
概括
温暖的水温显著改善了轮椅三项运动员的游泳时间. 然而,空气温度对手自行车和轮椅运行性能的影响仍然不清楚,这凸显了需要进一步研究的必要性.
科学领域:
- 运动科学与医学 运动科学与医学
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 在残奥会体育运动中,残奥会体育运动
背景情况:
- 使用轮椅的三项运动员经常经历受损的温度调节,导致与环境温度变化的性能变化.
- 了解水和空气温度的影响对于优化这些运动员的训练和比赛策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究水温对轮椅三项比赛游泳时间的影响.
- 为了检查空气温度对手自行车和轮椅运行 (推进) 时间的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了2017年至2023年间49场比赛的公布比赛记录.
- 用贝叶斯负二项回归模型来评估温度-性能关系.
- 模型考虑的因素包括年龄,性别,运动类,潮服的使用和以前的游泳时间.
主要成果:
- 温暖的水温 (高达30.5°C) 与男性和女性运动员的游泳时间明显加快有关.
- 游泳时间显著改善,特别是随着水温在观察范围内的增加.
- 空气温度 (14-33°C) 对手自行车和轮椅运行时间的影响是不确定的.
结论:
- 在轮椅三项赛中优化游泳表现可以通过更温暖的水条件来实现.
- 需要进一步的研究,将运动员损伤数据与绩效指标整合起来,以充分了解环境对手自行车和跑步段的影响.
- 由于环境条件的性能波动,需要对适应性策略进行更深入的研究.
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