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费城饮料税和儿童体重结果

Emily F Gregory¹, Christina A Roberto², Nandita Mitra³

¹Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

JAMA pediatrics

|November 25, 2024

概括

费城饮料税在实施两年后没有显著影响年轻人的体重结果. 虽然观察到一些小子组变化,但它们对儿科肥胖患病率缺乏临床意义.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学
卫生政策卫生政策

背景情况:

糖饮料税是为了制糖摄入量而提出的,但它们对健康的影响,特别是对儿科体重的影响,需要进一步研究.
费城实施了一项大规模的饮料税,为评估其对公共卫生结果的影响提供了独特的机会.
了解饮料税与儿科体重之间的关联对于为公共卫生战略提供信息至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估2017年费城饮料税与儿科体重结果变化之间的关联.
确定税收是否影响标准化体重指数 (zBMI) 和儿童和青少年肥胖率.
分析不同人口分组对税收影响的潜在变化.

主要方法:

利用差异差异模型与治疗权重的逆概率来比较费城的年轻人 (税收暴露) 与周边县 (控制).
雇佣混合效应线性和后勤回归以估计zBMI和肥胖率 (BMI≥95百分位) 税前和税后变化.
对136,078至258,584名2至18岁年轻人的电子健康记录数据进行了小组 (2014-2019) 和横截面分析.

主要成果:

在任何小组或横截面分析中,饮料税与zBMI或青年肥胖率的显著变化无关.
专家小组分析显示,zBMI变化 (-0.004) 和肥胖不显著的几率比率 (1.02) 不显著的差异.
横截面分析对zBMI变化 (-0.004) 和肥胖概率比率 (1.01) 产生了类似的非显著结果. 亚组分析显示了小,不一致,临床上没有意义的变化.

结论:

费城饮料税在实施后两年没有与青年zBMI或肥胖患病率的显著变化有关.
在某些子组中观察到的zBMI在统计学上显著的小变化在临床上没有意义.
调查结果表明,饮料税在最初几年对费城的儿科体重结果的影响有限.

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