层次的个体变化和社会经济影响个性化的功能网络地形在儿童中
Shaoling Zhao1,2, Haowen Su1,2,3, Jing Cong1,2,4
1Beijing Institute for Brain Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 102206, China.
BMC medicine
|November 26, 2024
概括
社会经济地位 (SES) 影响儿童的大脑网络地形,显示在感觉运动关联轴上有层次组织. 这揭示了与各种SES背景相关的功能性大脑网络的皮层范围内的可塑性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 功能性大脑网络的个体差异很大,特别是在关联皮层.
- 早期社会经济地位 (SES) 与大脑结构和功能变化有关,影响认知和心理健康.
- 儿童时期SES和个性化的功能性大脑网络拓图之间的关系还未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会经济地位 (SES) 和个体差异在儿童时期个性化的功能性大脑网络拓的关联.
- 通过个性化的功能神经解剖学,探索SES如何影响神经发育.
主要方法:
- 利用空间规范的非负矩阵分解 (NMF) 来识别9-10岁儿童的17个个性化功能网络.
- 在青少年大脑认知发展研究中使用了6001名参与者的功能性MRI数据.
- 应用了带有交叉验证的部分最小平方回归来评估网络地形和SES因素 (收入,教育,社区劣势) 之间的联系.
主要成果:
- 个性化的功能网络拓与层次感官运动关联轴保持一致.
- 功能网络拓学显著预测了未见的个体中的SES因素.
- 功能拓和SES之间的关联是分层组织的,在更高阶关联皮层中更强.
结论:
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 通过儿童时期的个性化功能神经解剖学影响神经发育.
- 功能性大脑网络表现出整个皮质的,在响应不同SES时分层组织的可塑性.
- 个性化功能网络已经公开开放,以便进一步研究.
相关概念视频
01:30Biological Influences on Intelligence
71
Intelligence is often thought to be linked to brain size, but the relationship is more complex than that. While brain size does correlate modestly with some abilities, like verbal skills, the connection is weaker for others, such as spatial reasoning. Other factors, like brain structure, also play crucial roles. For instance, despite Einstein's smaller-than-average brain, his parietal cortex, which is involved in spatial reasoning, was 15% wider, suggesting that neural density might matter...
71
01:30Information Processing Approach
30
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
30
01:01Neuroplasticity
298
Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
298
01:27Language and Cognition
325
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
325
01:30Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
22
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
22
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
42
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
42