波多黎各与EYS基因突变相关的视网膜色素炎:一个病例系列
Armando J Ruiz-Justiz1, Leonardo J Molina Thurin2, Andres Emanuelli1
1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, PRI.
Cureus
|November 26, 2024
概括
这项研究确定了EYS基因的突变,导致波多黎各患者的视网膜色素炎 (RP). 在这个群体中发现的最常见的突变是c.5928-2A>G变异.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 医学研究 医学研究
背景情况:
- 在EYS (眼睛关闭同类) 基因的突变是已知的自体逆性视网膜炎色素炎 (arRP) 的原因.
- EYS基因突变与RP更严重的临床过程有关.
- 与EYS相关的arRP的患病率因人群而异,对波多黎各患者的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 在波多黎各诊断患有视网膜色素炎 (RP) 的患者中报告和描述EYS基因突变.
- 为了研究波多黎各队伍中EYS变异的频谱.
- 在这个代表性不足的人群中确定EYS突变的存在和频率.
主要方法:
- 在波多黎各两个主要的眼科诊所进行的回顾性病例系列 (2019-2023年).
- 使用Invitae遗传视网膜疾病小组,查看图表,以确定具有EYS基因突变的RP患者.
- 收集的数据包括人口统计,病史和眼科病史,RP临床表现,视力敏度和遗传检测结果.
主要成果:
- 七名波多黎各患者 (43%的女性,57%的男性) 患有RP被发现具有致病性EYS变体.
- 最常见的变种是c.5928-2A>G (57%),其次是c.6794del (29%),c.1211dup (14%) 和c.3443+1G>T (14%).
- 两名患者患有复合性异构性,并确定了三种未知意义的变异 (VUS),包括一个新的VUS:c.9263G>A (p.Gly3088Glu). 40岁以上的患者在法律上是盲人.
结论:
- 这项研究为波多黎各患者提供了与EYS相关的视网膜色素炎的第一个证据.
- 在EYS基因中发现了四种截断突变,其中c.5928-2A>G是最常见的.
- 这些发现强调了基因检测EYS突变在波多黎各血统的RP患者的重要性.
相关概念视频
Genetic Lingo
Overview
Epistasis
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
Pleiotropy
Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives
The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Color Vision
Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.


