等待,在WAIS-5的弗林效应在哪里?
Emily L Winter1, Sierra M Trudel2, Alan S Kaufman3
1School of Health Sciences, Touro University, 3 Times Square, New York, NY 10036, USA.
Journal of Intelligence
|November 26, 2024
概括
弗林效应,即智商得分的上升,随着WAIS-5显著放缓,从每十年预期的3点下降到1.2点. 这挑战了目前对智力障碍诊断和法律标准的智商调整.
科学领域:
- 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 弗林效应 (FE) 描述了随着时间的推移智商得分的上升.
- 这种影响被纳入智力障碍和法律诉讼的诊断标准.
- 最近发布的韦克斯勒成人智力尺度第五版 (WAIS-5) 促使人们重新评估FE.
研究的目的:
- 调查传统的弗林效应是否会持续到2020年代.
- 用WAIS-5的数据分析FE的大小.
- 评估FE变化对智力障碍诊断和法律标准的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用WAIS-5进行了两项平衡有效性研究.
- 研究1: 186名青少年和成年人 (16-90岁) 在WAIS-IV和WAIS-5两种测试中进行了测试.
- 研究2:98名16岁的学生接受了WISC-V和WAIS-5的测试.
主要成果:
- 观察到弗林效应的意外减少.
- FE从每十年预期的3个智商点下降到每十年的1.2个智商点.
- 这种减少在所有有效性研究中都被注意到.
结论:
- 传统的弗林效应似乎已经减弱.
- 调查结果质疑对智力障碍诊断的3点调整的持续使用.
- 建议重新考虑联邦法院对死刑和高风险决定的指导方针.
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