吸烟会影响疫苗诱导的免疫反应吗? 一个系统性审查和元分析
Federica Valeriani1, Carmela Protano2, Angela Pozzoli2
1Department of Movement, Human, and Health Sciences, University of Rome Foro Italico, 00135 Rome, Italy.
Vaccines
|November 26, 2024
概括
吸烟通过减少抗体和免疫细胞反应,显著降低了疫苗的有效性. 建议戒烟以改善免疫结果,可能需要调整疫苗剂量策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 烟草吸烟是全球主要的健康问题,每年造成数百万人的死亡.
- 众所周知,吸烟会损害免疫功能,特别是免疫细胞在接种疫苗后的抗体生产和免疫细胞活动.
研究的目的:
- 综合审查有关吸烟如何影响疫苗诱导的免疫反应并降低免疫有效性的现有文献.
- 综合有关主动和被动吸烟对主动免疫的影响的证据.
主要方法:
- 系统的文献审查遵循PRISMA指导方针,该协议注册在PROSPERO (ID:CRD42024582638) 上.
- 在PubMed,Scopus和Web of Science进行意大利语和英语研究的搜索.
- 纳入研究,检查主动和被动烟草吸烟对疫苗诱导的免疫反应的影响.
主要成果:
- 34项研究被选中进行分析.
- 跨研究的一致发现是吸烟者抗体水平降低,抗体狂热和免疫细胞的产生.
- 分析显示,在多种疫苗中,吸烟者和非吸烟者 (WMD = 0.65,p=0.02) 之间的疫苗反应有显著差异.
结论:
- 戒烟倡议对于提高疫苗接种计划的有效性至关重要.
- 应考虑为吸烟者和非吸烟者量身定制的疫苗剂量计划,特别是在公共卫生紧急情况下.
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