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免疫检查点抑制剂和疫苗接种:评估安全性,有效性和协同作用潜力

Jacob New^1,2, Luke Shenton¹, Radia Ksayer³

¹Department of Medicine, Scripps Health, La Jolla, CA 92121, USA.

|November 26, 2024

概括

对癌症患者来说,将免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 与疫苗相结合是安全的,但需要更多的研究来确认它们在预防感染和改善癌症结果方面的有效性.

科学领域:

在瘤学瘤学.
免疫学免疫学免疫学
疫苗学疫苗学疫苗学

背景情况:

免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 是关键的癌症疗法,但它们与疫苗的使用需要调查.
现有的癌症患者疫苗接种指南可能不适用于ICI.
结合ICI与各种疫苗的安全性和有效性数据有限.

研究的目的:

审查ICI与传染病和癌症疫苗结合的安全性和有效性.
评估疫苗接种对ICI治疗患者传染病预防的影响.
探索将治疗性癌症疫苗与ICI结合的潜力.

主要方法:

对ICI与传染病疫苗 (流感,SARS-CoV-2) 和治疗癌症疫苗相结合的研究的文献综述.
对安全数据的分析,包括与免疫相关的不良事件和细胞因子活性.
对感染性疾病预防和癌症治疗结果的疗效数据的评估.

主要成果:

使用非活化流感和mRNASARS-CoV-2疫苗接种疫苗在ICI治疗中似乎是安全的.
在ICI和疫苗联合使用时,没有观察到与免疫相关的不良事件明显增加.
有限的强有力的证据证明疫苗有效预防感染或改善ICI治疗患者的存活率.
初步数据表明,与ICI一起接种流感或SARS-CoV-2疫苗有潜在的生存益处,但证据质量较低.
治疗性癌症疫苗,特别是基于mRNA的疫苗,在与ICI结合时表现有前途,等待第三阶段数据.

结论:

接种疫苗对于接受ICI治疗的患者来说通常是安全的.
进一步严格的调查至关重要,以确定疫苗预防传染病的有效性,并优化ICI患者的癌症治疗结果.
将治疗性癌症疫苗与ICI结合在一起的协同潜力需要继续研究.

关键词:

癌症疫苗接种癌症疫苗接种免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI)免疫疗法免疫疗法传染病疫苗接种疫苗接种.在mRNA疫苗的使用中.

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