65年来,亚毒素生物标志物正在勃发展:下一个是什么?
Thomas W Kensler1, David L Eaton2
1Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Toxins
|November 26, 2024
概括
在谷物和坚果中发现的强有力的致癌物 Афлатоксин,对健康构成重大风险. 研究强调了生物标志物的发展,以跟踪暴露,并了解它们与肝癌等疾病的联系.
科学领域:
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 非洲毒素是阿斯伯吉勒斯菌种产生的真菌毒素,通常污染谷物和坚果,如玉米和花生.
- 首先在1960年在火中毒爆发后 (土耳其X病) 首次发现,毒素后来被描述为强大的天然致癌物.
- 它们的有毒作用和在人类饮食中的存在已经被认可了数千年.
研究的目的:
- 为了突出约翰·D·格鲁普曼教授对了解偏毒素暴露及其健康影响的贡献.
- 展示用于测量黄毒素生物标记物的分析方法的开发和应用.
- 建立一个使用化学特异性生物标志物的框架,以调查暴露与疾病的关系,特别是关于饮食中的亚毒素和肝癌.
主要方法:
- 超过40年的分析方法的开发,以测量青素暴露的生物标志物.
- 使用的尿 (亚弗拉托xin-N7-瓜因) 和血清 (亚弗拉托xin-阿尔伯提取物) 生物标志物.
- 这些方法在实验和临床研究中应用,以探讨暴露与疾病的关系.
主要成果:
- 在实验和临床环境中证明了青素生物标志物的实用性.
- 在饮食中暴露于亚黄素和肝癌之间建立了强烈的联系.
- 为生物标志物研究提供了一个基本的"亚毒素范式".
结论:
- 化学特异性生物标志物是理解暴露与疾病关系的关键工具.
- "亚毒素范式"作为未来研究各种环境暴露的模型.
- 生物标志物测量技术的持续发展对全球公共卫生至关重要.
更多相关视频
10:01Quantification of Fungal Colonization, Sporogenesis, and Production of Mycotoxins Using Kernel Bioassays
Published on: April 23, 2012
18.1K
09:44RNAi-mediated Control of Aflatoxins in Peanut: Method to Analyze Mycotoxin Production and Transgene Expression in the Peanut/Aspergillus Pathosystem
Published on: December 21, 2015
20.9K
相关概念视频
01:36Types of Toxins
Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
01:23Toxicity Testing in Animals
Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...