在自闭症和双语的背景下选择性沉默
Bridgette Carroll1,2, Veronica Bordes Edgar3,4, Sari H Bar4,5
1Children's Health and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.
Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP
|November 26, 2024
概括
这个案例研究跟随一个患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的5岁男孩,他在英语中经历了一次选择性沉默事件,影响了他的焦虑和拒绝上学. 早期干预改善了他的西班牙语和英语语言技能.
科学领域:
- 儿科神经心理学 儿科神经心理学
- 发育行为儿科 发展行为儿科
- 儿童心理学 儿童心理学
背景情况:
- 一名5岁的男孩在2岁时被诊断出患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和语言延迟,出现了最初的发育挑战.
- 他表现出特征性ASD行为,包括重复的行为,感官寻找,不一致的眼神接触,以及西班牙语和英语的声.
- 早期干预和治疗导致了两种语言的行为,社会互动和语言发展的显著改善.
研究的目的:
- 探索患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童在第二语言中经历选择性沉默的诊断考虑因素.
- 概述治疗建议,以应对患有自闭症双语儿童的焦虑,拒绝上学和特定语言的沟通挑战.
- 突出自闭症谱系障碍,双语和选择性沉默症的出现之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 一个患有自闭症谱系障碍的5岁男孩的案例研究分析.
- 对2岁和5岁儿童进行的发育行为儿科和儿科神经心理评估的综述.
- 在3年的时间内评估语言发展,行为模式和对干预措施的反应.
主要成果:
- 这个孩子,最初在西班牙语和英语中都表现出进展,在5岁时在英语中发展出选择性沉默,尽管此前的受体和表达能力已经取得了进展.
- 认知评估揭示了语言能力强项的平均能力,西班牙语词汇量异常高,英语词汇量平均高.
- 英语选择性沉默与焦虑增加,极端拒绝上学,不愿意离开家相吻合.
结论:
- 第二种语言的选择性沉默症可以在患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童中表现出来,加剧焦虑和行为困难.
- 综合神经心理,发育行为和治疗干预的综合方法对于解决 ASD 双语儿童复杂表现至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解在自闭症谱系障碍和双语的背景下,语言选择性默默症背后的具体机制.
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