更多的变化是否存在于更大的性别?
Lewis G Halsey1, David Giofrè2, David C Geary3
1School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London SW15 4JD, UK.
Biology letters
|November 26, 2024
概括
身体大小,而不是性别,往往驱动哺乳动物的性变化. 较大的性别往往更具变异性,这挑战了长期以来人们对不同哺乳动物群体中男性变异性更大的信念.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 动物学 动物学
- 比较解剖学的比较解剖学
背景情况:
- 哪种性别,男性或女性,表现出更大的变异性问题一直是生物学中长期存在的争论.
- 以前的假设往往有利于更大的雄性变异性,可能是因为专注于具有强烈雄性-雄性竞争的物种.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究身体质量和性变异在各种哺乳动物物种之间的关系.
- 为了确定体型或性别是否是性别内变化的主要驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 在337种哺乳动物物种的体质上进行了基因基因分析,这些物种来自六个类别.
- 用回归来分析男性:女性质量方差和男性:女性平均质量之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 在大多数研究的哺乳动物阶级中,较大的性别 (男性或女性) 呈现出更大的体重变化.
- 变化与大小的关系往往接近统一,这表明大小是变化的主要驱动因素.
- 在Chiroptera (蝙蝠) 和Rodentia (动物) 中观察到偏差,表明额外的因素影响了变异性中的性二态.
结论:
- 身体大小,而不是性别本身,似乎是许多哺乳动物物种性别变化的主要决定因素.
- 虽然尺寸是一个关键因素,但在某些群体 (如蝙蝠和灵长类动物) 中,性别对变异性的特定影响可能存在.
- 历史上对具有明显的两性变异的物种的关注可能扭曲了以前对性变异的理解.
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