人工智能作为第二读者对肺结节检测和定位准确性的影响 放射科医生和非放射学医生在胸部放射图中:一个多中心的读者研究
Dennis Robert1, Saigopal Sathyamurthy1, Anshul Kumar Singh1
1Qure.ai Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Floor 2, Prestige Summit, Halasuru, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, 560042 (D.R., S.S., A.K.S., S.A.M., M.T., S.T.).
Academic radiology
|November 26, 2024
概括
人工智能 (AI) 显著提高了放射科医生在胸部放射图 (CXR) 上检测和定位肺结节的能力. 这种人工智能协助提高了准确性,但没有增加假阳性,有助于更早,更可靠的诊断.
科学领域:
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
背景情况:
- 在胸部放射图 (CXR) 上错过的肺结节是常见的诊断挑战.
- 精确检测和定位肺结节对于及时诊断和治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估人工智能 (AI) 作为第二个读者对医生的诊断准确度对CXRs肺结节检测和定位的影响.
- 通过人工智能协助评估敏感性和特异性的改进.
主要方法:
- 追溯式多读者,多个案例研究,涉及300个CXR与专家裁决的基本真相.
- 15名医生 (放射科医生和非放射科医生) 读取CXR两次:一次没有AI,一次有AI协助.
- 主要分析使用了替代无响应接收器操作特征曲线下的面积 (AFROC);次要分析包括接收器操作特征曲线下的面积 (AUROC),灵敏度和特异性.
主要成果:
- 人工智能协助显著改善了平均AFROC从0.73到0.81 (P < 0.001).
- 与AI一起,病例水平的AUROC从0.77增加到0.84 (P < 0.001).
- 灵敏度从72.8%提高到83.5%与AI,而特异性显示了一个非显著的变化 (71.1%到72.0%).
结论:
- 作为第二个阅读器的AI提高了CXRs中肺结节的检测和定位准确度.
- 人工智能集成可以提高诊断性能,但不会显著增加假阳性.
- 人工智能工具在改善用于肺结节检测胸部放射图的解释方面表现有前途.
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