红树林沿海保护的全球分布和下降远远超出了面积减少的范围
Xichen Xu1,2, Dongjie Fu3,4, Fenzhen Su5,6,7
1State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nature communications
|November 26, 2024
概括
红树林森林 红树林森林
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 沿海科学 沿海科学
- 环境监测 环境监测
背景情况:
- 红树林提供了重要的沿海保护,防止极端天气和侵蚀.
- 现有的衡量红树林保护能力的措施缺乏对面积,宽度,高度和健康等关键因素的整合.
- 气候变化和采摘对红树林生态系统构成重大威胁.
研究的目的:
- 开发和分析一个基于过程的衡量标准,即红树林沿海保护指数 (MCPI).
- 用宽度,高度和健康来量化红树林的综合保护能力.
- 评估从2007年到2019年的全球红树林保护能力的趋势.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个红树林沿海保护指数 (MCPI),将跨岸宽度,树冠高度和规范差异植被指数 (NDVI) 整合起来.
- 利用集群交换网络分析来追踪2007年至2019年间红树林特征的变化.
- 分析了MCPI,地理位置和暴露于海洋因素之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 从全球来看,从2007年到2019年,MCPI下降了约25%,主要是由于高度和生物质的变化,尽管面积减少了2%.
- 观察到红树林面积增加了800%,其高度,宽度和MCPI特征较低.
- 在受保护的低度地区,高MCPI的红树林种群表现出对气旋的抵御力,而低MCPI的地区,特别是那些暴露在深水中的地区,呈现出令人担忧的下降.
结论:
- 该研究引入了一种新的,综合的MCPI来评估红树林沿海防御能力.
- 调查结果显示,全球红树林保护能力显著下降,原因不仅仅是面积减少.
- 迫切需要采取保护措施,特别是对于脆弱的低MCPI红树林海岸,面临多种压力因素.
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