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任务时间和任务负载之间的相互作用对响应时间的效应

Jingqiang Li¹, Yanru Zhou^2,3, Tianci Hao¹

¹Safety Science and Engineering College, Civil Aviation University of China, No. 2898 Jinbei Highway Dongli District, Tianjin 300300, China.

Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)

|November 27, 2024

概括

长时间的工作和高任务负载会损害认知功能,增加反应失效. 需要策略来管理疲劳,并改善专业人士在苛刻的工作的工作时间表.

科学领域:

认知心理学认知心理学
神经科学是一个神经科学.
人类因素工程人类因素工程

背景情况:

航空,运输和医疗保健等高需求领域的专业人员通常在变化的任务负载下工作长时间.
长时间的工作和波动的任务需求对绩效缺失,特别是延迟和错误响应的综合影响尚未得到充分理解.
了解这些相互作用对于开发有效的疲劳管理和安全协议至关重要.

研究的目的:

检查长时间的工作时间和不同的任务负载如何相互作用以影响响应时间的延迟.
调查与这些性能下降相关的潜在神经机制,包括大脑功能连接.
确定挑战认知资源调节的任务时间和任务负载的关键值.

主要方法:

20名参与者进行了Uchida-Kraepelin (U-K) 心理测试和双任务模式.
功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 用于测量大脑活动和功能连接.
独立变量包括任务处理时间和任务负载;依赖变量包括疲劳,兴奋,工作负载和绩效指标 (延迟和错误率).

主要成果:

延长工作时间和高任务负载都显著影响了大脑连接,反应缺失,工作量,疲劳和兴奋.
经过60分钟的工作,兴奋水平下降,反应时间增加.
在90分钟的工作后,高任务负载会损害认知资源调节,由前额外外皮层连接性减少所证明.

结论:

这项研究阐明了在长时间工作和高任务负载的联合压力下反应失效背后的机制.
研究结果表明,经过90分钟的工作,认知资源管理变得显著困难,特别是在高任务需求的情况下.
结果为优化安全关键行业的工作时间表和疲劳管理策略提供了基础,以减少错误和提高绩效.

关键词:

在FNIRS中使用.响应时间过时,响应时间过时.任务负载任务负载在任务上花费的时间.

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