胰岛素上游开放的读取框架 (INSU) 存在于骨肌肉卫星细胞中:随着年龄的变化
Qing-Rong Liu1, Min Zhu1, Faatin Salekin1
1Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Cells
|November 27, 2024
概括
随着人类的年龄增长,胰岛素受体 (INSR) 和胰岛素上游开放读取框架 (INSU) 在骨肌肉干细胞中增加. 这种与年龄相关的骨肌肉变化可能会影响细胞功能.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 肌肉生理学 肌肉生理学
背景情况:
- 骨肌肉 (SKM) 的衰老涉及胰岛素抵抗,干细胞功能障碍和肌肉纤维衰竭.
- 肌原原体卫星细胞内胰岛素信号的与年龄相关的变化仍未得到研究.
- 胰腺外组织SKM不表达成熟的胰岛素.
研究的目的:
- 调查胰岛素受体 (INSR) 与年龄相关的变化以及人类SKM中的新型人体胰岛素上游开放读取框架 (INSU).
- 确定与衰老相关的INSR和INSU的mRNA,蛋白质和解剖表达水平.
主要方法:
- 来自巴尔的摩长度老化研究 (BLSA) 队列 (27-89岁) 的SKM活检的分析.
- 使用RT-qPCR和基于质谱 (MS) 的选择反应监测 (SRM) 来量化INSR和INSU的mRNA和蛋白质水平.
- 在卫星细胞内定位INSR和INSU,使用RNAscope光 in situ杂交 (FISH) 和免疫光 (IF).
主要成果:
- 在SKM活检中,INSR和INSU的mRNA和蛋白质水平与参与者的年龄正相关.
- INSR和INSU与PAX7标记的卫星细胞共定位.
- 在年长的 (89岁) 个体中,与年轻的 (27岁) 个体的SKM相比,观察到增强的INSR和INSU表达.
结论:
- 在SKM中老化过程可能会导致INSR的补偿上调和INSU的重新表达.
- 在SKM卫星细胞中,这些与年龄相关的分子变化可能会对细胞功能和发育产生影响.
- 早期胚胎发生的潜在有益作用与对老化卫星细胞的有害影响需要进一步研究.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Satellite Stem Cells and Muscular Dystrophy
1.9K
Satellite stem cells or myosatellite cells are quiescent stem cells that Alexander Mauro first identified in 1961. These cells are located between the sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of muscle fibers, and the basal lamina, the connective tissue sheath covering it. These mononucleated cells are activated in response to muscle injury, can transform into myoblasts, and may form or repair muscle fibers. Myosatellite cells can provide additional myonuclei for muscle regeneration or return to a...
1.9K
Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways
1.1K
Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but...
1.1K
Insulin Secretory Vesicles
4.8K
Insulin secretory vesicles release insulin to stimulate blood glucose uptake and regulate carbohydrate metabolism. When the blood glucose levels increase, glucose enters the pancreatic β-islet cells through glucose transporters. Once inside, glucose is metabolized through glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain, producing ATP. This increase in ATP concentration closes ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to depolarization of the membrane and the opening of...
4.8K
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
1.1K
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Insulin and C-peptide are...
1.1K


