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在服务电站炉中使用的超304H钢的微观结构进化
Xiaoxin Wang1, Baohe Yuan2, Jianbin Li1
1Henan Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection Technology Research Institute, Zhengzhou 450045, China.
Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 27, 2024
概括
超304H钢管在47000小时后经历了微观结构变化,包括异常的颗粒生长和腐蚀. 这种降解降低了拉伸强度和冲击性能,造成了安全风险.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 金工业是金工业的一个方面.
- 腐蚀工程 腐蚀工程
背景情况:
- 超304H钢用于超热器等高温应用.
- 长期使用可能会导致材料退化和故障.
- 了解微结构演变对于预测元件寿命至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在长期使用 (47,000小时) 后分析超304H钢的微观结构和机械性能.
- 为了确定服务条件对钢的外部和内部表面的影响.
- 评估观察到的物质变化的安全影响.
主要方法:
- 金属学显微镜的使用方法
- 扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 的使用
- 能量分散式X射线光谱学 (EDS)
- 硬度测试 硬度测试 硬度测试
主要成果:
- 异常的奥氏体颗粒生长发生在外墙上,观察到粗粒.
- 在外表面形成了一层显著的腐蚀层,在向风侧更厚.
- 内部表面的精炼和材料硬度的增加,以及所有区域的异常增长都被注意到.
- 在外墙粗粒区的拉伸强度和冲击性能降低,导致颗粒间断裂.
- 内部和外部表面的腐蚀层的变形程度增加.
结论:
- 服务引起的微观结构变化,特别是异常的粒度生长和腐蚀,损害了Super304H钢的机械完整性.
- 外墙的退化造成了重大安全风险,需要加强监督.
- 增加的表面应力有助于腐蚀层的硬度,突出显示监测的关键区域以防止管道故障.
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