相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 6, 2025

08:41
Quantifying Abdominal Pigmentation in Drosophila melanogaster
Published on: June 1, 2017
8.9K
编码序列进化并不能解释花花中花色素颜色的差异,例如Mimulus luteus Var luteus和M. l. variegatus之间
Walker E Orr1, Ji Yang Kim1, Iker J Sánchez Márquez1
1Whitman College Biology Department, Walla Walla, Washington, USA.
Evolution & development
|November 27, 2024
概括
在Mimulus中,花色的遗传进化是由非编码变化驱动的,而不是蛋白质编码突变. 这项研究揭示了 cis 调节性进化,而不是改变 MYB5a 蛋白质功能,解释了 Mimulus luteus var. 中的新型安东素颜色. 多种多样的. 多种多样的.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 植物遗传学 植物遗传学
- 分子进化分子进化
背景情况:
- 了解对发育进化的遗传约束至关重要.
- 非编码遗传变化可能比编码变化更受青,原因是较少的类效应.
- 在Mimulus luteus var.中出现的新型安东素色素的演变. 多种类型的植物为研究特征进化的遗传机制提供了一个模型.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究编码序列变化的作用,在近期的进化中,在Mimulus.Anthocyanin色素的颜色.
- 为了确定MYB5a/NEGAN蛋白质的演变是否有助于M. luteus var.中增加的安东素生产. 多种多样的. 多种多样的.
- 区分对新植物特征的编码和非编码贡献.
主要方法:
- 对不同Mimulus种类的MYB5a等位基因转染的烟草叶中的安东素产生的定量图像分析.
- 复制最初的实验和谱光测量分析提取的安素.
- 在MYB5a基因中研究转录后编辑部位.
主要成果:
- 从Mimulus luteus和M. luteus var.中获得的MYB5a两种等位基因. 多样性驱动了强大的安托素生产.
- 意想不到的是,来自低氨酸M. l. luteus的等位基因导致了显著更高的氨酸产量.
- 在MYB5a基因序列中发现了两个潜在的转录后编辑部位.
结论:
- 在M. luteus var.中获得花叶花粉素颜色的增益. 多样性仅来自于非编码的Cis调节进化,而不是蛋白质编码的变化.
- 而MYB5a蛋白序列本身并没有推动抗生素产量的增加.
- 在核编码植物mRNA中发现转录后编辑的发现为研究开辟了新的途径.
相关概念视频
Gene Duplication and Divergence
6.0K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.0K
Cis-regulatory Sequences
9.8K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
9.8K
Incomplete Dominance
21.6K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
21.6K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
7.0K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
In contrast, regions which code...
7.0K
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons
5.7K
Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
5.7K
Epistasis
45.9K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
45.9K

