婴儿对帮助者和阻碍者的社会评价:一个大规模的,多实验室,协调复制研究
Kelsey Lucca1, Francis Yuen2, Yiyi Wang3
1Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA.
Developmental science
|November 27, 2024
概括
这项大规模的研究没有发现任何证据表明,婴儿更喜欢有帮助的角色,而不是阻碍的角色. 婴儿的社会评估能力可能比以前想象的要晚发展.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会认知是指社会认知.
- 婴儿行为婴儿行为
背景情况:
- 人类的社会评价是基本的.
- 早期的研究表明,婴儿在12个月前就形成了社会判断.
- 这些发现的复制是不一致的.
研究的目的:
- 准确估计婴儿更喜欢"助手"而不是"障碍者"的影响大小.
- 为了确定婴儿的偏好是否受到社会信息的影响.
- 为了复制2007年哈姆林等人. 使用标准化,多实验室方法进行研究.
主要方法:
- 一个预先注册的多实验室研究,使用ManyBabies框架.
- 在37个国际实验室测试了567名婴儿 (5.5-10.5个月).
- 在社会和非社会条件下采用积极的行为措施 (手动选择).
主要成果:
- 在社会条件下,婴儿对助手而不是障碍者的偏好为49.34%,与机会没有显著差异.
- 在非社会条件下,对上升运动和下降运动的偏好为55.85%,也与机会没有显著不同.
- 两个条件都没有显示出偏好,结果在条件之间没有差异.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了证据,证明了"山地范式"中早期出现的亲社会偏好.
- 在这个范式中,婴儿偏好的效果大小在婴儿早期可能较弱或不存在.
- 这项研究证明了婴儿研究中大规模,积极的行为研究的可行性.
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