农村心理健康和物质使用护理的范围审查
Sage Thomas1,2, Nelly D Oelke1,3, Dennis Jasper1
1School of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
农村护士提供基本的心理健康和物质使用 (MHSU) 护理,尽管面临资源限制和孤立. 本综述综合了农村MHSU护理方面的全球研究,突出了实践的挑战和促进者.
科学领域:
- 护理 护理 护理
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 农村卫生 农村卫生
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,农村地区对医疗保健服务的需求不成比例,但在这些环境中执业的护士较少.
- 农村护士经常以扩大范围运作,包括心理健康和物质使用 (MHSU) 护理,面临着资源稀缺和孤立等独特挑战.
- 农村护士在MHSU护理中的具体参与,障碍和促进者在国际上没有得到充分记录.
研究的目的:
- 进行与心理健康和/或物质使用 (MHSU) 相关的农村护理国际研究的范围审查.
- 综合农村MHSU护理现有证据.
- 在"了解农村社区:加拿大农村和偏远地区护理实践框架"的背景下评估证据.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种系统的范围审查方法.
- 在国际定性,定量和混合方法研究的CINAHL,Medline和PsycINFO数据库中进行了搜索.
- 提取的数据被映射到农村护理实践框架中.
主要成果:
- 审查了47篇文章,主要来自澳大利亚,美国,加拿大和南非,涉及各种实践环境.
- 农村MHSU护理的特点是普遍的,多面的角色面临着工作场所暴力,孤立和资源不足等挑战.
- 护士的准备,健康的社会决定因素,耻辱和健康不平等对农村MHSU护理实践产生重大影响,但注意到了性.
结论:
- 该审查强调了农村MHSU护士面临的重大挑战,强调需要以农村为中心,敏感于环境的方法.
- 建议对框架进行轻微修改,包括明确承认农村护士的作用.
- 未来的研究应该解决护士短缺,支持和研究不足的领域,如儿童/青年MHSU和土著健康.
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