在中低收入国家喘管理的更新
Ian Lachner1, Manuel E Soto-Martínez1,2
1Respiratory Department, Hospital Nacional de Niños "Dr. Carlos Sáenz Herrera", Caja Costarricense Seguro Social, San José, Costa Rica.
Pediatric pulmonology
|November 27, 2024
概括
在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 中,由于资源有限和医疗保健准入,喘管理具有挑战性. 改善喘控制需要政策变化,改善药物可用性,并加强专业人士和公众的教育.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 喘对全球健康构成重大负担,在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 有不成比例的严重影响.
- 与高收入国家相比,LMICs中的喘管理表现为较差的疾病控制和较高的死亡率.
- 喘患病率的上升和LMIC人口变化表明,喘负担越来越大,尤其是在儿童身上.
研究的目的:
- 突出LMIC中喘管理方面的挑战.
- 确定在资源有限的环境中有效治疗喘的关键障碍.
- 为改善喘控制和遵守国际指导方针提出可行的策略.
主要方法:
- 审查关于在LMICs喘患病率和管理的现有文献.
- 分析医疗保健系统的局限性和药物获取问题.
- 检查人口趋势及其对喘负担的影响.
主要成果:
- 在LMICs的医疗保健系统中,急性/传染性疾病往往优先于喘等慢性疾病.
- 基本控制药物 (吸入性皮质类固醇) 的有限获取和波动性可用性是关键障碍.
- 许多LMIC面临着基础设施缺陷和医疗保健获取困难,阻碍了遵守世卫组织指南.
结论:
- 在LMICs中有效的喘管理需要当地医疗保健提供者的更多承诺和政府政策的改变.
- 确保持续获得控制器药物对于满足最低护理标准至关重要.
- 为医疗保健专业人员和公众实施教育战略,以及努力减少吸烟和空气污染,对于改善喘结果至关重要.
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