美国成年人因流感住院治疗的社会脆弱性,干预利用和结果
Katherine Adams1, Kimberly Yousey-Hindes2, Catherine H Bozio1
1Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
JAMA network open
|November 27, 2024
概括
社会脆弱性与住院流感患者的情况更差有关,包括增加机械通风的需要. 较低的疫苗接种率和延迟的抗病毒治疗有助于这些差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 季节性流感严重影响公共卫生,造成大量的疾病负担.
- 社会脆弱性对流感患者临床结果的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 检查住院流感患者的社会脆弱性和结果之间的关联.
- 评估流感疫苗接种和抗病毒使用模式在不同程度的社会脆弱性.
主要方法:
- 对实验室确认的流感住院病例 (2014-2019) 的成年人进行了回顾性,重复的横截面研究.
- 利用来自13个州的人口监控网络的数据.
- 员工修改了波桑回归来估计社会脆弱性和流感结果之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 较高的社会脆弱性与侵入性机械通风/体外膜氧化支持的患病率增加相关 (aPR, 1.25).
- 社会经济地位和家庭组成/残疾是这种关联的关键驱动因素.
- 随着社会脆弱性增加,流感疫苗接种率下降;医院前和医院早期的抗病毒接收也下降.
结论:
- 社会脆弱性与住院流感患者严重结局的适度增加有关.
- 导致差异的因素包括基线健康状况较差,预防和治疗干预措施的机会减少.
- 解决健康的社会决定因素对于减轻流感相关的不平等至关重要.
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