种族和民族,性别,以及医生在学术医学中的晋升
Lauren Clark1, Elena Shergina2, Nathalia Machado3
1Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City.
JAMA network open
|November 27, 2024
概括
学术医学显示,在医生晋升方面,持续存在性别和种族差异,白人男性被青进入高级职位. 种族多样性的女性面临着严重的低推广,突出了文化和实践转型的需要.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 医疗卫生工作人员多样性多样性
- 学术医学 学术医学
背景情况:
- 学术医生的组成并不反映美国人口的多样性.
- 了解性别,种族,民族和职业进步之间的关联对于开发多样化和有效的医疗劳动力至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查种族和种族以及性别是否与学术医学中的任命和晋升有关.
- 确定来自不同人口群体的医生职业发展途径的差异.
主要方法:
- 一项队列研究利用美国医学院协会 (AAMC) 关于美国MD授予医学院毕业生 (1979-2019) 的数据.
- 自2000年以来的教师任命数据与研究生数据合并.
- 考克斯的比例危险模型被用来比较不同性别和种族/种族群体之间的晋升概率,以白人男性为参考.
主要成果:
- 虽然亚洲男性,亚洲女性,黑人女性和白人女性比白人更有可能获得入门级职位,但白人男性被不成比例地提升到高级学术位.
- 在2000年之前毕业的医生中,与白人男性相比,黑人女性的晋升率明显较低,成为副教授 (55%不太可能) 和全教授 (41%不太可能).
- 黑人男性比白人男性更有可能被任命为部门主席 (29%更有可能).
结论:
- 白人男性在学术医学中的优先晋升持续到21世纪,在种族和种族多样化的女性中观察到明显的低晋升.
- 实现反映美国人口多样性的医疗劳动力,需要在学术机构内对教师任命和晋升的文化和实践进行根本性的改变.
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