在采用准实验方法的政策评估中,如何考虑健康公平性? 一个范围审查和内容分析
Kerstin Sell1,2, Setareh Rabbani1,2,3, Jacob Burns3
1Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, IBE, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
European journal of public health
|November 27, 2024
概括
公共卫生研究人员使用准实验方法 (QEM) 来评估政策. 虽然许多研究都考虑了健康公平,但QEM研究公平影响的潜力仍然在很大程度上未被开发.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策分析 卫生政策分析
- 健康 公平 研究 健康 公平 研究
背景情况:
- 公共卫生研究经常使用准实验方法 (QEM) 来评估政策影响.
- 政策可能会对弱势群体的健康公平产生意想不到的负面影响.
- 评估QEM研究在多大程度上解决了健康公平问题,对于为公共卫生决策提供信息至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用准实验方法 (QEM) 调查政策评估中如何解决健康公平问题.
- 分析QEM研究中的健康公平考虑的深度和广度.
- 确定QEM的潜力,以便更好地用于评估政策对健康的公平影响.
主要方法:
- 从Medline,EMBASE和EconLit (2022年12月) 的范围审查中,对350个记录的随机样本进行了内容分析.
- 研究包括使用QEM标签,检查世卫组织欧洲地区的公共政策,并报告了人口子组.
- 提取的数据包括研究设计,政策,人群,结果分层分为子组 (PROGRESS-Plus标准) 和与公平相关的结论.
主要成果:
- 在包含的59项研究中,有39项 (66.1%) 在不同程度上考虑了健康公平.
- 25项研究 (42.4%) 关注弱势群体,19项评估针对这些群体的政策.
- 在22项研究 (37.3%) 中,结果按子人口分层,最常见的是按性别和社会经济地位分层.
结论:
- 准实验方法 (QEM) 对于为公共卫生政策决策提供信息是有价值的.
- 然而,目前在政策评估中应用QEM并未充分利用其研究健康公平影响的潜力.
- 需要进一步开发和应用QEM,以全面评估政策对健康公平的影响.
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