儿童与睡眠有关的运动障碍:最近的更新
Melissa Cole1,2, Narong Simakajornboon3,4
1Sleep Center, Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, MLC 7041, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
World journal of pediatrics : WJP
|November 28, 2024
概括
儿童睡眠相关运动障碍 (SRMD),包括不安腿综合征 (RLS) 和周期性四肢运动障碍 (PLMD),是常见的,但未得到充分承认. 早期诊断和铁疗法是治疗儿童这些疾病的关键.
科学领域:
- 儿科睡眠医学 儿科睡眠医学
- 神经学 神经学
- 运动障碍 运动障碍
背景情况:
- 与睡眠相关的运动障碍 (SRMDs),包括不安腿综合征 (RLS),周期性四肢运动障碍 (PLMD) 和不安睡眠障碍 (RSD),在儿童群体中很普遍.
- 这些情况往往被医疗保健专业人员所忽视.
- 最近的文献强调了对RLS,PLMD和新描述的RSD的日益关注.
研究的目的:
- 审查并提供有关儿童常见SRMD病理生理学,临床表现,诊断标准和管理的最新更新.
- 强调早期诊断和适当治疗策略的重要性.
主要方法:
- 对英语同行评审出版物进行全面的文献搜索.
- 搜索的数据库包括PubMed和SCOPUS.
- 包括关于RLS,PLMD和RSD的系统审查和相关出版物.
主要成果:
- 在儿童和青少年中,SRMDs很常见,但经常被诊断不足.
- 关键的病理生理学包括遗传学,多巴胺功能障碍和铁缺乏;低铁储量与RLS和RSD有关.
- 铁疗法是有效的;虽然一些药物对RLS和PLMD有希望,但儿童的数据仍然有限.
结论:
- 本综述综合了有关儿科RLS,PLMD和RSD的当前知识,涵盖了诊断和管理.
- 儿科医生必须识别SRMD表现,以便及时诊断.
- 需要进一步研究RSD的发病,长期影响和儿童的药理疗法.
相关概念视频
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
148
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
RBD is significantly associated with...
RBD is significantly associated with...
148
Sleep-Wake Cycles
1.2K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
1.2K
Narcolepsy
92
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
92
Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors
151
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations. These sensations typically occur during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly when lying down or sitting, and can severely disrupt sleep.
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...
The exact cause of RLS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve dopamine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate muscle movement. Imbalances in dopamine levels...
151
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking
122
Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
122
Nightmares and Night Terrors
76
Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares...
Nightmares...
76


