非洲无花果 (Zaprionus indianus) 的快速翅膀尺寸进化是在温带殖民之后
Weston J Gray1, Logan M Rakes1, Christine Cole1
1Department of Biology, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|November 28, 2024
概括
侵袭性果,Zaprionus indianus,在殖民新的温带环境后,迅速发展出更小的翅膀. 这种快速适应突显了入侵物种迅速适应新条件的潜力.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 侵入性物种研究研究 侵入性物种研究
背景情况:
- 侵入性物种面临新的选择性压力,需要研究它们的快速进化以进行有效的管理.
- 自2005年以来,来自非洲的侵入性多动物Zaprionus indianus在北美已经建立了种群.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查Zaprionus indianus种群是否在殖民温带环境后立即发生表型变化.
- 为了确定Z. indianus是否在沿着度梯度进化方向的表型变化.
主要方法:
- 建立了来自野生Z. indianus的女性系,跨越了空间和时间.
- 在一个常见的花园实验中测量了十二种生态相关的表型,并与参考人口对照.
- 分析了殖民化后和横跨度梯度的表型变化.
主要成果:
- 在殖民化后的几代人中,Zaprionus indianus进化了较小的翅膀,这表明选择偏好了殖民化后较小的翅膀.
- 在度或殖民后的其他个体表型中没有观察到显著的变化.
- 在包括多个表型的主要组成部分中检测到显著的殖民化后变化.
- 观察到实质性的实验室进化和环境影响,强调需要仔细的实验设计.
结论:
- 扎普里昂斯印第安人 (Zaprionus indianus) 在新入侵的温带生态系统中表现出快速适应的能力.
- 观察到的快速进化,特别是翅膀大小,可能有助于Z. indianus.的入侵成功和扩张.
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