在2022年3月13-14日的暴风雨期间,高度中性密度变化的半球间不对称性
Qingyu Zhu1, Gang Lu2, Sarah Vines3
1William B Hanson Center for Space Sciences University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX USA.
Space weather : the international journal of research & applications
|November 28, 2024
概括
在2022年暴风雨期间观察到强烈的高度中性质量密度异常 (HDAs). 这些由GITM建模的异常揭示了黎明触发的跨极干扰和显著的半球间不对称性.
科学领域:
- 空间物理 空间物理
- 大气科学 大气科学
- 地质物理学 地质物理学
背景情况:
- 强烈的太空天气事件,如地磁风暴,显著影响地球上层大气层.
- 准确建模中性质密度变化对于卫星运行和理解大气动态至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查2022年3月暴风雨恢复阶段高度中性质量密度异常 (HDAs) 的性质和起源.
- 分析这些密度变化的半球间不对称性 (IHA) 以及它们与能量沉积和热层条件的关系.
主要方法:
- 利用卫星观测来检测高度的中性质量密度峰值.
- 采用全球电离层热层模型 (GITM) 来准确模拟和分析观察到的现象.
- 调查HDAs,朱尔加热和热层背景条件之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 在风暴恢复阶段,在两个半球大约500公里处检测到强烈的高度中性质密度尖峰 (HDAs).
- GITM模拟证实HDA是高度中性密度的重要特征,起源于在黎明侧触发的跨极移动大气干扰.
- 在HDA的大小,速度和方向上确定了显著的半球间不对称性 (IHA),与焦尔加热和热层条件中的不对称性有关.
结论:
- HDA是暴风雨时期高度中性密度变化的关键特征.
- 在黎明侧启动的跨极移动大气干扰是产生HDA的原因.
- HDA中的半球间不对称性是由能量沉积和背景热层条件的不对称性驱动的,为太空天气影响提供了一个动态的视角.
相关概念视频
01:16What is Climate?
18.4K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
18.4K
01:19Magnetic Declination
32
Magnetic declination is the angle between true north, which aligns with the Earth's rotational axis, and magnetic north, which follows the direction of the Earth's magnetic field. This discrepancy exists because the magnetic poles do not coincide with the geographic poles. The value of magnetic declination depends on the observer's location on Earth and is subject to changes over time due to the dynamic nature of the Earth's magnetic field.The declination is called eastern when magnetic north...
32
01:28Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions
877
An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
877
01:29Potential Due to a Polarized Object
366
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
366
01:50Global Climate Change
24.2K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.2K
01:26Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling
54
During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance.
54