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神经成像洞察早期开始的限制性饮食障碍的大脑机制

Clara A Moreau¹, Anael Ayrolles^2,3, Christopher R K Ching⁴

¹Sainte Justine Hospital Azrieli Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, 3175 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

|November 28, 2024

概括

早期出现的限制性饮食障碍,如神经性厌食症和ARFID,会对大脑发育产生不同的影响. 在这些条件下,大脑结构的变化可能源于不同的机制,而不仅仅是低体重指数.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
发展心理学发展心理学
儿科精神病学儿科精神病学

背景情况:

早发性限制性饮食障碍 (rEO-ED),包括早发性神经性厌食症 (EO-AN) 和避免性限制性饮食摄入障碍 (ARFID),是复杂的疾病.
对于rEO-ED对儿童和早期青少年大脑发育的影响仍然基本未知.

研究的目的:

为了研究和比较与典型发育个体相比,儿童和早期青少年的EO-AN和ARFID的大脑结构差异.
在这个儿科群体中探索大脑特征,饮食障碍诊断和体重指数 (BMI) 之间的关系.

主要方法:

利用磁共振成像 (MRI) 来评估儿童和早期青少年 (<13岁) 的大量队列中的大脑特征.
在三个组中比较大脑结构模式:EO-AN (n=124),ARFID (n=50) 和典型发育 (TD) 个体 (n=112).

主要成果:

尽管BMI分布相似,EO-AN和ARFID表现出不同的大脑结构模式,这表明独立的潜在机制.
在EO-AN中,大约一半的区域大脑测量与BMI相关,表明部分BMI中介;这在ARFID中没有观察到.
EO-AN与皮层较薄有关,而体重不足的ARFID患者与TD患者相比显示了表面积和皮层下体积的减少.

结论:

儿科限制性饮食障碍患者的大脑发育受到每个疾病特有的独特机制的影响.
需要进一步的研究来区分低BMI与内在饮食障碍机制在神经发育结果中的作用.

关键词:

避免性限制性食物摄入障碍避免性限制性食物摄入障碍身体质量指数 (BMI) 是指身体质量指数.皮层厚度皮层厚度早期出现的精神性厌食症.结构性核磁共振成像 (MRI)跨诊断方法的方法.

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