在机器学习中通过蛋白质广泛关联研究特征选择改善克罗恩病和性结肠炎蛋白质的差异化
Mark G Gorelik1,2, Aaron J Gorelik3, Skye R S Fishbein1,2
1Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|November 28, 2024
概括
这项研究确定了13种血蛋白,可以区分克罗恩病 (CD) 和性结肠炎 (UC). 这些蛋白质签名通过蛋白质广泛协会研究 (PWAS) 确定,提高了炎症性肠病 (IBD) 机器学习模型的诊断准确性.
科学领域:
- 蛋白质组学是指蛋白质组学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 生物标志物发现发现
背景情况:
- 克罗恩病 (CD) 和性结肠炎 (UC) 的准确诊断对于炎症性肠病 (IBD) 的有效治疗至关重要.
- 目前的诊断方法,包括内镜和组织学,是侵入性的和昂贵的.
- 需要新的非侵入性生物标志物来改善CD和UC之间的差异化.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用全蛋白协会研究 (PWAS) 方法识别血蛋白质组特征,以区分CD和UC.
- 在机器学习 (ML) 分类器中评估这些已识别的蛋白质特征的诊断实用性.
- 探索用于IBD诊断的新型蛋白质生物标志物的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在SPARC队列中的1,106名参与者 (636个CD,470个UC) 中,分析了2,920种蛋白质的血蛋白水平.
- 带Bonferroni校正的PWAS确定了与CD与UC相关的蛋白质,控制年龄,性别和疾病严重程度.
- 随机森林ML模型使用PWAS识别的蛋白质进行训练,并使用ROC-AUC进行评估;特征重要性通过SHAP分析进行评估.
主要成果:
- 在CD和UC之间,有13种蛋白质的丰度显著差异 (调整后p < 8.42E-06).
- 使用PWAS识别蛋白质的ML模型实现了0.73的平均ROC-AUC,优于使用全蛋白质组 (0.62) 的模型.
- 鉴定出Granzyme B,胰岛素样5 (INSL5) 和介素-12β子单元 (IL-12B) 作为关键的区分特征.
结论:
- 基于PWAS的特征选择有效地识别了复杂的蛋白质组数据集中的诊断生物标志物.
- 新型蛋白质生物标志物,如INSL5,可能会补充现有的诊断策略,以区分CD和UC.
- 这项研究强调了血蛋白质组学在非侵入性IBD诊断和管理方面的潜力.
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