探索传统超级电容电解质的基阻燃剂的配方和有效性
Simon Sayah1, Ilias Douihri1, Mehdi Karbak2
1Laboratory of Physical-Chemistry of Materials and Electrolytes for Energy (PCM2E), University of Tours, 37200, Tours, France.
概括
超级电容器的安全电解质是使用素阻燃剂 (FRs) 制成的. 不同的FR需要不同的百分比来实现不易燃性,同时保持良好的性能.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 超级电容器需要安全的,不可燃电解质,以确保可靠的运行.
- 传统的电解质由于易燃性而带来安全风险.
研究的目的:
- 使用基于素的阻燃剂 (FRs) 为超级电容器配制安全的电解质.
- 为了比较三种不同的酸FRs在使电解质不易燃的有效性.
- 为了确定FRs在标准电解质中不可燃性所需的最低百分比.
主要方法:
- 三种酸阻燃剂的合成和表征:六环三酸 (FR1), (乙氧) 五环三酸 (FR2),和五环三酸 (FR3).
- 易燃性测试以确定在乙二 (ACN) /1.0 M四乙四二酸 (Et4NBF4) 电解质中的最低FR百分比.
- 测量FTIR,TGA,表面张力和接触角,以评估FR与电解质的相互作用.
- 电化学特征包括传输特性,电化学稳定性窗口 (ESW) 和AC的电动双层电容器 (EDLC) 中的循环性能.
主要成果:
- 不易燃性的最低百分比:5%的FR1,15%的FR2或20%的FR3.
- 发现FRs可以保护电解质表面.
- 运输性能仍然有利,表现优于PC/1.0 M Et4NBF4.4.
- 电化学稳定性窗口至少为2.5V.
- 使用基于FR1或FR2的电解质的EDLC在2.5V时实现了23.0Wh/kg的能量密度和3.7kW/kg的功率密度.
结论:
- 基于酸的阻燃剂有效地提高了超级电容器电解质的安全性.
- 选择FR会影响非易燃性所需的百分比.
- 这些安全的电解质保持出色的电化学性能,使高能和高功率超级电容器设备成为可能.
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