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解读印度人类与狮子共存的
Keshab Gogoi1, Kausik Banerjee1, Stotra Chakrabarti1,2
1Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, India.
概括
由于社会文化宽容,法律保护和适应,印度的人类和亚洲狮子的共存正在增加. 生态旅游和土地共享方法可以支持全球的长期食肉动物保护.
科学领域:
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 人与野生动物的互动
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
背景情况:
- 亚洲狮 (Panthera leo leo) 在印度的人类主导的景观中正在扩大其范围和数量.
- 这个扩展展示了人类与食肉动物共存的独特模式,提供了全球保护洞察力.
- 了解这种共存的驱动因素对于在多用途区域管理大型食肉动物至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查印度人与狮子冲突的时空动态.
- 评估人类对狮子的容忍度,并确定影响人类对狮子的因素.
- 为保护全球共享景观中的食肉动物吸取教训.
主要方法:
- 分析了2012年至2017年的冲突补偿记录.
- 对277个村庄的1434个人进行了调查,这些村庄经历了不同程度的人与狮子的冲突.
- 统计建模以将冲突事件与环境和人为因素相关联.
主要成果:
- 村级牲畜攻击和掠食率每年都在增加,这表明狮子人口的增长和密度.
- 人类攻击平均每年20.8次,没有显著的趋势.
- 冲突在空间上与旅游区,狮子息地和狮子密度低的区域有关;不容忍源于经济损失和恐惧.
结论:
- 在印度,人类与狮子的共存是通过社会文化接受,法律保护,补偿和相互适应来促进的.
- 当地社区从旅游和文化规范中受益,而狮子则获得了资源.
- 参与式生态旅游和土地共享模式对于将社区福祉与可持续的食肉动物保护相协调至关重要.
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