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野火灭火期间重复暴露对健康的影响:加拿大阿尔伯塔省的一项数据链接队列研究

Nicola Cherry¹, Mike Fedun², Jean-Michel Galarneau³

¹Division of Preventive Medicine, University of Alberta, 8303 112 St, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2T4, Canada.

Annals of work exposures and health

|November 28, 2024

概括

野地消防员面临着COPD和肺炎等肺部疾病的风险增加,特别是在持续的攻击工作中. 然而,在这项广泛的研究中,没有发现增加癌症风险.

科学领域:

职业健康职业健康职业健康
环境健康环境健康
呼吸系统医学呼吸系统医学

背景情况:

对于跨越多个火灾季节的野地消防员的长期健康影响的理解有限.
阿尔伯塔省的季节性野地消防员 (三月至十月) 主要是临时雇佣的.
该研究调查了消防时间和不良健康结果之间的潜在剂量反应关系.

研究的目的:

评估野火灭火的累计时间与各种健康状况之间的关联.
为了确定消防暴露和健康不良之间是否存在剂量反应关系.
为了检查阿尔伯塔省野地消防员的长期健康影响.

主要方法:

一项队列研究将阿尔伯塔野火就业记录 (1998-2022) 与省级健康和癌症登记簿联系起来.
暴露量被量化为工作时间,包括持续攻击 (SA) 时间.
多级波桑回归被用于估计相对风险,癌症结局延迟10年.

主要成果:

慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD),肺炎和喘的风险增加与消防时间的增加相关,特别是持续性攻击 (SA).
心血管疾病 (CVD) 和精神疾病风险与累计的SA小时积极相关.
没有观察到癌症发病率 (所有类型,膀,肺,皮肤) 显著增加,即使在滞后暴露的情况下.

结论:

野地消防员具有患急性和慢性肺部疾病的高风险.
职业接触野火与呼吸道疾病的风险增加,以及潜在的心血管疾病和精神疾病的风险增加有关.
该研究没有发现野地消防员患癌症风险增加的证据.

关键词:

癌症癌症癌症癌症癌症队列队列队列队列风险暴露风险暴露风险暴露呼吸道疾病是一种呼吸道疾病.野地消防员野地消防员

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