到2021年3月内布拉斯加州的远程医疗的使用:横截面分析
Lisa C Smith1, George Johnson2, Snehal Jadhav3
1Grace Abbott School of Social Work, University of Nebraska Omaha, Omaha, NE, United States.
Journal of medical Internet research
|November 28, 2024
概括
尼布拉斯加州的远程医疗使用与年龄较小,非西班牙裔种族和互联网接入有关,但在老年人和西班牙裔个人中不太常见,这表明医疗保健接入的数字沟.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 数字健康数字健康
- 农村健康差异 农村健康差异
背景情况:
- COVID-19加速了远程医疗的采用,以改善医疗保健的获取,特别是在农村地区.
- 在远程医疗的可访问性和利用性方面仍然存在差异,需要确定关键的促进者和障碍.
- 解决这些差异至关重要,以防止加剧医疗保健中现有的不平等现象.
研究的目的:
- 确定与内布拉斯加州远程医疗服务的使用相关的因素.
- 了解一个主要是农村国家的远程医疗利用模式.
- 为减轻远程医疗接入差异的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项对5300个内布拉斯加州家庭的全州调查 (2020年10月至2021年3月),对少数民族人口进行过量采样.
- 邮寄调查与基于网络的选项收集了关于健康和医疗保健准入的社会决定因素的数据.
- 强大的波桑回归模型分析了与远程医疗使用相关的因素,控制了各种人口和健康变量.
主要成果:
- 25.5%的内布拉斯加州成年人报告说曾经使用过远程医疗,城市居民使用率略高 (26.4%) 比农村 (20.8%).
- 远程医疗使用的重要预测因素包括年龄较小 (<45岁),非西班牙裔种族,高等教育,互联网接入,以及最近的医疗保健访问或慢性疾病.
- 远程医疗的使用在老年人,没有慢性疾病的个人和西班牙裔个人中不太普遍,尽管总体上互联网访问量很高.
结论:
- 观察到远程医疗使用的显著差异,强调了数字沟的影响.
- 互联网接入,年龄,种族和健康状况是影响远程医疗采用的关键因素.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施来解决障碍,并为所有人群促进公平的远程医疗接入.
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