m5C阅读蛋白Ybx1通过调节轴突中的局部翻译来促进轴突生长
Jun Yu1, Yanbo Zhang1, Jian Zhang1
1Department of Neuroscience, School of Life Sciences, Brain Research Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Systems Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
概括
修改RNA的5-甲基细胞素 (m5C) 读者Ybx1对于神经系统发育至关重要. 在神经元中局部翻译的Ybx1促进中枢神经系统和外围神经系统的轴突生长.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
背景情况:
- 5甲基细胞氨酸 (m5C) 是一种常见的RNA修饰,调节生物过程.
- 在神经系统中m5C修饰的作用仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
- Y盒结合蛋白1 (Ybx1) 被确定为一个关键的m5C阅读器.
研究的目的:
- 研究m5C阅读器Ybx1在中枢神经系统 (CNS) 和周围神经系统 (PNS) 中的功能.
- 阐明Ybx1影响神经元发育和轴突生长的机制.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠海马体 (牙状) 中,Ybx1的有条件淘汰.
- 对Ybx1mRNA局部化和局部翻译在背部根性质神经元 (DRG) 中的分析.
- 使用分子生物学技术识别Ybx1目标mRNA.
- 轴突特异性的目标基因 (Ttl,Mmp24) 的淘汰,以评估它们在轴突生长中的作用.
主要成果:
- 在正在发育的小鼠海马体中,Ybx1的表达很高.
- 牙状回形中Ybx1的有条件淘汰会损害状纤维的生长和短期记忆.
- Ybx1mRNA在DRG神经元轴突中局部翻译,其抑制会减少轴突生长.
- Ybx1的目标包括Ttl和Mmp24,其敲击也降低了DRG和DG神经元中的轴突生长.
结论:
- 局部翻译的Ybx1对于中枢神经系统和神经系统的轴突生长至关重要.
- Ybx1通过控制特定mRNA的局部翻译来调节轴突生长,例如Ttl和Mmp24.
- 这代表了神经元发育和功能的一种保存机制.
相关概念视频
Regulated mRNA Transport
6.2K
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
6.2K
Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures
1.8K
Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
1.8K
Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins
2.7K
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
2.7K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
872
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
872
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
2.0K
Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are mature endosomes that sort ubiquitinated proteins and then fuse with lysosomes to degrade the sorted proteins. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) form a complex that can be internalized through endocytosis, sorted into an MVB, and later degraded.
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR...
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR...
2.0K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
22.5K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.5K


