玉米质粉的结构,物理化学和技术功能性质,经过挤出改变
Caroline Cagnin1, Danielly Nascimento Morais1, Sandra Helena Prudencio1
1Food Science and Technology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid Highway, PR-445, Km 380 - University Campus, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil.
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
|November 30, 2024
概括
为玉米质粉 (CG) 优化挤出条件,提高了其乳化能力,减少了发泡. 这种经过修改的CG显示出作为各种食品应用中的多功能成分的潜力.
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 蛋白质化学 蛋白质化学
- 生物聚合物加工 生物聚合物加工
背景情况:
- 玉米质粉 (CG) 是一种有价值的蛋白质来源.
- 了解挤出对CG性能的影响对于食品应用至关重要.
- 补水特性和蛋白质结构影响CG的功能.
研究的目的:
- 评估样品湿度,挤出温度和螺杆速度对CG水分的影响.
- 在pH 7 (PS7) 和水吸收能力 (WAC) 时优化挤出条件,以获得最大的蛋白质溶解度.
- 评估优化挤出对CG蛋白质结构和技术功能性质的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用完整的因数设计,用于挤出实验的中心点.
- 样品的湿度 (20%-40%),温度 (120-160°C) 和螺丝转速 (33-117rpm) 都可以变化.
- 分析了CG蛋白质的结构,化学,物理和技术功能性质的变化.
主要成果:
- 挤出通常会降低水合性质.
- 最佳条件 (20%的湿度,120°C,117rpm) 最小化了WAC和PS7.的损失.
- 优化的挤出增强了CG的颜色,乳化能力,降低了发泡能力,改变了蛋白质结构.
结论:
- 优化的挤出加工修改了CG蛋白质结构,通过非共价和二硫化键稳定了它.
- 挤出的CG表现出改变的技术功能性质,包括改善乳化和降低溶解度.
- 修改后的CG显示出作为面包,肉制品和甜点中的功能成分的潜力.
相关概念视频
Protein and Protein Structure
Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
Mechanical Protein Functions
Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force.
Structural Protein Function
Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity. In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to form...
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity. In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to form...
Mechanical Protein Function
Proteins perform many mechanical functions in a cell. These proteins can be classified into two general categories- proteins that generate mechanical forces and proteins that are subjected to mechanical forces. Proteins providing mechanical support to the structure of the cell, such as keratin, are subjected to mechanical force, whereas proteins involved in cell movement and transport of molecules across cell membranes, such as an ion pump, are examples of generating mechanical force.
Structural Protein Function
Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity. In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to form...
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity. In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to form...
Fineness Modulus
The fineness modulus (FM) of aggregate is a numerical index that measures the coarseness or fineness of the particles. It is calculated by adding the cumulative percentages of aggregate retained on each of a specified series of sieves and dividing the sum by 100.
Consider performing sieve analysis on sand through a set of ASTM sieves. The weight of aggregate retained in each sieve and pan placed at the bottom is recorded, as given in Column B of Table 1.
To determine the fineness modulus of...
Consider performing sieve analysis on sand through a set of ASTM sieves. The weight of aggregate retained in each sieve and pan placed at the bottom is recorded, as given in Column B of Table 1.
To determine the fineness modulus of...


