三种常见的SARS-COV-2疫苗的比较有效性:随机试验的网络元分析
A A Syed1, F Eqbal1, H R Shamsi1
1Department of Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan.
Semergen
|November 30, 2024
概括
瑞和现代疫苗在预防COVID-19方面最有效,瑞的排名最高. 与Pfizer和Moderna相比,AstraZeneca在这个网络元分析中显示出更低的有效性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 对于Moderna,Pfizer和AstraZeneca的SARS-CoV-2疫苗的监管批准是广泛的.
- 这些疫苗在预防COVID-19方面的有效性需要进行比较分析.
研究的目的:
- 进行一个网络元分析,比较Moderna,Pfizer和AstraZeneca的COVID-19疫苗的有效性.
- 根据疫苗在预防COVID-19症状方面的有效性,对疫苗进行分级.
主要方法:
- 系统搜索PubMed,CENTRAL,ICTRP和ClinicalTrials.gov,查找2020年1月至2024年2月期间发表的相关随机对照试验 (RCT).
- 包括在健康个体中评估Moderna,Pfizer或AstraZeneca疫苗的RCT,报告COVID-19的发生作为结果.
- 应用网络元分析与随机效应模型来计算几率比率 (OR) 和置信区间 (CI),评估I2的异质性和使用SUCRA的疫苗排名.
主要成果:
- 包括18个涉及272724名参与者的RCT,2个RCT质量中等,5个RCT质量高.
- 与对照组相比,这三种疫苗都显示出针对COVID-19的有效性. 摩德纳或0.13 (95%CI为0.07-0.26),瑞或0.10 (95%CI为0.05-0.19),阿斯特拉泽内卡或0.38 (95%CI为0.25-0.59).
- 阿斯特拉泽内卡的效果不如Moderna和Pfizer那么强大. 瑞公司的SUCRA概率最高 (92%),其次是Moderna (75%) 和AstraZeneca (33%).
结论:
- 瑞疫苗在预防症状性COVID-19方面表现出最高的有效性.
- 现代疫苗的有效性与瑞疫苗相当,没有统计学上显著的差异.
- 与Pfizer和Moderna疫苗相比,AstraZeneca疫苗在预防症状性COVID-19方面效果较差.
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