在2022年CDC出生数据集中探索影响低出生体重的父母因素
Sumaiya Sultana Dola1, Camilo E Valderrama2,3
1Applied Computer Science Department, University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, R3B 2E9, MB, Canada.
BMC medical informatics and decision making
|November 30, 2024
概括
母亲的身高,体重,妊娠体重增加和父母的种族是低出生体重 (LBW) 的关键预测因素. 这些因素,以及产前护理和避免吸烟,在美国显著影响新生儿健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
背景情况:
- 低出生体重 (LBW) 是美国的一个重大问题,多因素的原因经常被孤立地研究.
- 以前的研究主要集中在母亲和社会经济因素上,忽视了父亲的影响和多样化的人口数据.
- 现有研究经常使用本地化数据集,限制了对更广泛的美国人口的概括性.
研究的目的:
- 确定导致美国人口多样性低出生体重 (LBW) 的最重要因素.
- 利用大型国家数据集的机器学习来分析对LBW的综合影响.
- 通过包括父亲因素和利用全面的国家数据集来弥补研究中的差距.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 的2022年国家出生数据集.
- 采用多种机器学习模型,包括后勤回归,随机森林,XGBoost,条件推理树和注意力机制.
- 使用概率比率分析,特征重要性,部分依赖图 (PDP) 和沙普利增量解释 (SHAP) 解释模型结果.
主要成果:
- 在所有模型中,母亲的身高,怀孕前的体重,怀孕期间的体重增加和父母的种族一直被确定为重要因素.
- 产前访问频率和怀孕期间戒烟也显示出对出生体重的显著影响.
- 该研究确定了与LBW结果相关的关键人体测量和人口统计变量.
结论:
- 母亲人体测量,怀孕体重增加和父母的种族对于了解低出生体重 (LBW) 和正常出生体重 (NBW) 率的差异至关重要.
- 平均身高较短的族群 (如亚裔,西班牙裔) 呈现较高的LBW率,这可能与生物学和社会经济因素有关.
- 营养和产周护理的历史差异导致某些族群的LBW风险增加,突出了针对性干预的必要性.
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